School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.
Psychology Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2023 Sep;33(9):1850-1865. doi: 10.1111/sms.14404. Epub 2023 May 23.
Unequal proportions of male and female participants in exercise research might be attributed, in part, to differences in interest and willingness to participate. We tested if men and women are equally interested and willing to undergo exercise research procedures and if they consider different factors when deciding to participate. Two samples completed an online survey. Sample 1 (129 men, 227 women) responded to advertisements on social media and survey-sharing websites. Sample 2 (155 men, 504 women) was comprised of undergraduate psychology students. In both samples, men were significantly more interested to learn their muscle mass amount, running speed, jump height, and ball throwing ability, and more willing to receive electrical shocks, cycle or run until exhaustion, complete strength training that causes muscle soreness, and take muscle-building supplements (all p ≤ 0.013, d = 0.23-0.48). Women were significantly more interested to learn their flexibility, and more willing to complete surveys, participate in stretching and group aerobics interventions, and participate in home exercise with online instruction (all p ≤ 0.021, d = 0.12-0.71). Women rated the following significantly more important when deciding to participate: study's implications for society; personal health status; confidence in own abilities; potential anxiety during testing; type of research facility; time to complete study; and invasiveness, pain/discomfort, and possible side effects of procedures (all p < 0.05, d = 0.26-0.81). Differences in interest and willingness to participate in research probably contribute to different proportions of men and women as participants in exercise research. Knowledge of these differences might help researchers develop recruitment strategies aimed at encouraging both men and women to participate in exercise studies.
男女参与者在运动研究中的比例不均，部分原因可能是由于兴趣和参与意愿的差异。我们测试了男性和女性是否对进行运动研究程序同样感兴趣和愿意，并研究他们在决定参与时考虑的不同因素。两个样本完成了在线调查。样本 1（129 名男性，227 名女性）对社交媒体和调查分享网站上的广告做出回应。样本 2（155 名男性，504 名女性）由大学生心理学学生组成。在两个样本中，男性对了解自己的肌肉量、跑步速度、跳跃高度和投掷能力更感兴趣，更愿意接受电击、骑自行车或跑步直到精疲力竭、完成导致肌肉酸痛的力量训练以及服用肌肉增强补充剂（所有 p 值均≤0.013，d 值=0.23-0.48）。女性对了解自己的柔韧性更感兴趣，更愿意完成调查、参加伸展和团体有氧运动干预以及在家中按照在线指导进行锻炼（所有 p 值均≤0.021，d 值=0.12-0.71）。女性在决定参与时，对以下因素的重视程度显著更高：研究对社会的影响；个人健康状况；对自己能力的信心；测试期间的潜在焦虑；研究设施类型；完成研究的时间；以及程序的侵入性、疼痛/不适和可能的副作用（所有 p 值均<0.05，d 值=0.26-0.81）。参与研究的兴趣和意愿的差异可能导致男性和女性在运动研究中的比例不同。了解这些差异可能有助于研究人员制定招募策略，鼓励男性和女性参与运动研究。
