Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Mikrochim Acta. 2023 May 24;190(6):237. doi: 10.1007/s00604-023-05818-8.
A significant bottleneck exists for mass-production of ion-selective electrodes despite recent developments in manufacturing technologies. Here, we present a fully-automated system for large-scale production of ISEs. Three materials, including polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide, were used as substrates for fabricating ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) using stencil printing, screen-printing and laser engraving, respectively. We compared sensitivities of the ISEs to determine the best material for the fabrication process of the ISEs. The electrode surfaces were modified with various carbon nanomaterials including multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, and their mixed suspensions as the intermediate layer to enhance sensitivities of the electrodes. An automated 3D-printed robot was used for the drop-cast procedure during ISE fabrication to eliminate manual steps. The sensor array was optimized, and the detection limits were 10 M, 10 M and 10 M for detection of K, Na and Ca ions, respectively. The sensor array integrated with a portable wireless potentiometer was used to detect K, Na and Ca in real urine and simulated sweat samples and results obtained were in agreement with ICP-OES with good recoveries. The developed sensing platform offers low-cost detection of electrolytes for point-of-care applications.
尽管制造技术最近有了发展,但大规模生产离子选择性电极仍然存在重大瓶颈。在这里,我们提出了一种用于大规模生产 ISE 的全自动系统。使用模板印刷、丝网印刷和激光雕刻分别将聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚酰亚胺这三种材料用作制造离子选择性电极 (ISE) 的基底。我们比较了 ISE 的灵敏度,以确定用于 ISE 制造过程的最佳材料。通过各种碳纳米材料(包括多壁碳纳米管、石墨烯、炭黑及其混合悬浮液)对电极表面进行修饰,作为中间层来提高电极的灵敏度。在 ISE 制造过程中,使用自动化的 3D 打印机器人进行液滴铸造程序,以消除手动步骤。优化了传感器阵列,检测 K、Na 和 Ca 离子的检测限分别为 10 M、10 M 和 10 M。集成了便携式无线电位计的传感器阵列用于检测真实尿液和模拟汗液样品中的 K、Na 和 Ca,得到的结果与 ICP-OES 一致,回收率良好。开发的传感平台为即时检测应用提供了低成本的电解质检测。
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