Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Hainan Unican Science and Technology Innovation Institute, Haikou 571152, China.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Jun 9;12(6):397. doi: 10.3390/bios12060397.
Wearable sweat sensors are a rapidly rising research area owing to their convenience for personal healthcare and disease diagnosis in a real-time and noninvasive manner. However, the fast and scalable fabrication of flexible electrodes remains a major challenge. Here, we develop a wearable epidermal sensor for multiplexed sweat analysis based on the laser-induced graphene (LIG) technique. This simple and mask-free technique allows the direct manufacturing of graphene electrode patterns on commercial polyimide foils. The resulting LIG devices can simultaneously monitor the pH, Na, and K levels in sweat with the sensitivities of 51.5 mV/decade (pH), 45.4 mV/decade (Na), and 43.3 mV/decade (K), respectively. Good reproducibility, stability, and selectivity are also observed. On-body testing of the LIG-based sensor integrated with a flexible printed circuit board during stationary cycling demonstrates its capability for real-time sweat analysis. The concentrations of ions can be remotely and wirelessly transmitted to a custom-developed smartphone application during the period in which the sensor user performs physical activities. Owing to the unique advantages of LIG technique, including facile fabrication, mass production, and versatile, more physiological signals (glucose, uric acid, tyrosine, etc.) could be easily expanded into the LIG-based wearable sensors to reflect the health status or clinical needs of individuals.
可穿戴汗液传感器因其在实时、非侵入式的个人健康护理和疾病诊断方面的便利性而成为一个快速发展的研究领域。然而，灵活电极的快速和可扩展制造仍然是一个主要挑战。在这里，我们基于激光诱导石墨烯（LIG）技术开发了一种用于多路汗液分析的可穿戴表皮传感器。这种简单且无需掩模的技术允许在商业聚酰亚胺薄膜上直接制造石墨烯电极图案。所得到的 LIG 器件可以分别以 51.5 mV/decade（pH）、45.4 mV/decade（Na）和 43.3 mV/decade（K）的灵敏度同时监测汗液中的 pH、Na 和 K 水平。还观察到良好的重现性、稳定性和选择性。在固定自行车运动期间，将基于 LIG 的传感器与柔性印刷电路板集成进行的体上测试证明了其进行实时汗液分析的能力。传感器使用者进行体育活动期间，离子浓度可以远程无线传输到定制开发的智能手机应用程序。由于 LIG 技术具有易于制造、大规模生产和多功能等独特优势，更多的生理信号（葡萄糖、尿酸、酪氨酸等）可以轻松扩展到基于 LIG 的可穿戴传感器中，以反映个人的健康状况或临床需求。
