Faculty of Brain Sciences, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
Acta Neurol Belg. 2023 Aug;123(4):1247-1256. doi: 10.1007/s13760-023-02291-1. Epub 2023 May 25.
Since the hippocampus is predominantly susceptible to injuries caused by COVID-19, there are increasing data indicating the likelihood of post-infection memory loss and quickening neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. This is due to the fact that the hippocampus has imperative functions in spatial and episodic memory as well as learning. COVID-19 activates microglia in the hippocampus and induces a CNS cytokine storm, leading to loss of hippocampal neurogenesis. The functional and structural changes in the hippocampus of COVID-19 patients can explain neuronal degeneration and reduced neurogenesis in the human hippocampus. This will open a window to explain memory and cognitive dysfunctions in "long COVID" through the resultant loss of hippocampal neurogenesis.
由于海马体主要容易受到 COVID-19 引起的损伤，越来越多的数据表明感染后可能会出现记忆丧失和加速神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病。这是因为海马体在空间和情景记忆以及学习方面具有重要功能。COVID-19 会激活海马体中的小胶质细胞，并引发中枢神经系统细胞因子风暴，导致海马体神经发生丧失。COVID-19 患者海马体的功能和结构变化可以解释人类海马体中的神经元退化和神经发生减少。这将为通过海马体神经发生的丧失来解释“长新冠”中的记忆和认知功能障碍打开一扇窗。
