Wong Keri Ka-Yee, Wang Yi, Esposito Gianluca, Raine Adrian
Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK.
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
UCL Open Environ. 2022 Nov 1;4:e044. doi: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000044. eCollection 2022.
The 2019 coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has impacted people's mental wellbeing. Studies to date have examined the prevalence of mental health symptoms (anxiety and depression), yet fewer longitudinal studies have compared across background factors and other psychological variables to identify vulnerable subgroups in the general population. This study tests to what extent higher levels of schizotypal traits and paranoia are associated with mental health variables 6- and 12-months since April 2020. Over 2300 adult volunteers (18-89 years, female = 74.9%) with access to the study link online were recruited from the UK, the USA, Greece and Italy. Self-reported levels of schizotypy, paranoia, anxiety, depression, aggression, loneliness and stress from three timepoints (17 April to 13 July 2020, = 1599; 17 October to 31 January 2021, = 774; and 17 April to 31 July 2021, = 586) were mapped using network analysis and compared across time and background variables (sex, age, income, country). Schizotypal traits and paranoia were positively associated with poorer mental health through loneliness, with no effect of age, sex, income levels, countries and timepoints. Loneliness was the most influential variable across all networks, despite overall reductions in levels of loneliness, schizotypy, paranoia and aggression during the easing of lockdown (time 3). Individuals with higher levels of schizotypal traits/paranoia reported poorer mental health outcomes than individuals in the low-trait groups. Schizotypal traits and paranoia are associated with poor mental health outcomes through self-perceived feelings of loneliness, suggesting that increasing social/community cohesion may improve individuals' mental wellbeing in the long run.
2019冠状病毒病（Covid-19）大流行对人们的心理健康产生了影响。迄今为止的研究考察了心理健康症状（焦虑和抑郁）的患病率，但较少有纵向研究比较不同背景因素和其他心理变量，以确定普通人群中的脆弱亚组。本研究测试了自2020年4月起6个月和12个月时，较高水平的分裂型特质和偏执与心理健康变量之间的关联程度。从英国、美国、希腊和意大利招募了2300多名成年志愿者（18 - 89岁，女性占74.9%），他们可通过在线获取研究链接参与研究。通过网络分析绘制了三个时间点（2020年4月17日至7月13日，n = 1599；2020年10月17日至2021年1月31日，n = 774；2021年4月17日至7月31日，n = 586）自我报告的分裂型特质、偏执、焦虑、抑郁、攻击性、孤独感和压力水平，并在不同时间和背景变量（性别、年龄、收入、国家）之间进行比较。分裂型特质和偏执通过孤独感与较差的心理健康呈正相关，年龄、性别、收入水平、国家和时间点对此没有影响。尽管在封锁放松期间（时间点3）孤独感、分裂型特质、偏执和攻击性总体水平有所下降，但孤独感仍是所有网络中最具影响力的变量。与低特质组个体相比，具有较高水平分裂型特质/偏执的个体报告的心理健康结果较差。分裂型特质和偏执通过自我感知的孤独感与不良心理健康结果相关，这表明增强社会/社区凝聚力可能从长远来看改善个体的心理健康。
