Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna-C.so d'Augusto, 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
Mar Drugs. 2023 May 18;21(5):307. doi: 10.3390/md21050307.
Angiogenesis and metastasis represent two challenging targets to combat cancer development in the later stages of its progression. Numerous studies have indicated the important role of natural products in blocking tumor angiogenesis signaling pathways in several advanced tumors. In recent years, the marine polysaccharides fucoidans emerged as promising anticancer compounds showing potent antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo models of different types of cancers. The objective of this review is to focus on the antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities of fucoidans with special emphasis on preclinical studies. Independently from their source, fucoidans inhibit several angiogenic regulators, primarily vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A glance towards fucoidans' ongoing clinical trials and pharmacokinetic profile is provided to present the main challenges that still need to be addressed for their bench-to-bedside translation.
血管生成和转移是癌症晚期发展的两个极具挑战性的靶点。大量研究表明，天然产物在阻断肿瘤血管生成信号通路方面发挥着重要作用，可用于多种晚期肿瘤的治疗。近年来，海洋多糖岩藻聚糖已成为很有前途的抗癌化合物，在不同类型癌症的体外和体内模型中均显示出强大的抗肿瘤活性。本综述的目的是重点关注岩藻聚糖的抗血管生成和抗转移活性，特别强调其临床前研究。岩藻聚糖的来源不同，但都能抑制多种血管生成调节剂，主要是血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）。本文还对岩藻聚糖的临床试验和药代动力学概况进行了综述，以阐明在将其从实验室转化到临床应用方面仍需要解决的主要问题。
