Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
Clínica Cegonha de Medicina Reprodutiva, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30160-030, Brazil.
Hum Cell. 2023 Jul;36(4):1283-1311. doi: 10.1007/s13577-023-00921-7. Epub 2023 May 26.
Human oogenesis is a highly complex and not yet fully understood process due to ethical and technological barriers that limit studies in the field. In this context, replicating female gametogenesis in vitro would not only provide a solution for some infertility problems, but also be an excellent study model to better understand the biological mechanisms that determine the formation of the female germline. In this review, we explore the main cellular and molecular aspects involved in human oogenesis and folliculogenesis in vivo, from the specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) to the formation of the mature oocyte. We also sought to describe the important bidirectional relationship between the germ cell and the follicular somatic cells. Finally, we address the main advances and different methodologies used in the search for obtaining cells of the female germline in vitro.
人类卵子发生是一个高度复杂的过程，由于伦理和技术障碍限制了该领域的研究，目前还不完全清楚。在这种情况下，在体外复制女性配子发生不仅可以为一些不孕问题提供解决方案，而且还可以作为一个极好的研究模型，以更好地了解决定雌性生殖系形成的生物学机制。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了体内人类卵子发生和卵泡发生的主要细胞和分子方面，从原始生殖细胞（PGC）的特化到成熟卵子的形成。我们还试图描述生殖细胞和卵泡体细胞之间的重要双向关系。最后，我们讨论了在体外获得雌性生殖细胞的主要进展和不同方法。
