Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
Department of Dermatology, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung 900, Taiwan.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Apr 29;14(5):1021. doi: 10.3390/genes14051021.
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies of the skin. The genetic composition of melanoma is complex and varies among different subtypes. With the aid of recent technologies such as next generation sequencing and single-cell sequencing, our understanding of the genomic landscape of melanoma and its tumor microenvironment has become increasingly clear. These advances may provide explanation to the heterogenic treatment outcomes of melanoma patients under current therapeutic guidelines and provide further insights to the development of potential new therapeutic targets. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on the genetics related to melanoma tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. We also review the genetics affecting the melanoma tumor microenvironment and its relation to tumor progression and treatment.
黑色素瘤是皮肤最具侵袭性的恶性肿瘤之一。黑色素瘤的遗传组成复杂，不同亚型之间存在差异。借助于下一代测序和单细胞测序等新技术，我们对黑色素瘤的基因组景观及其肿瘤微环境的认识变得越来越清晰。这些进展可能解释了当前治疗指南下黑色素瘤患者治疗结果的异质性，并为潜在新治疗靶点的开发提供了更深入的见解。在这里，我们对与黑色素瘤发生、转移和预后相关的遗传学进行了全面的综述。我们还回顾了影响黑色素瘤肿瘤微环境的遗传学及其与肿瘤进展和治疗的关系。
