Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 May 29;195(6):749. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11286-7.
During the construction process of railways in the plateau region, various types of pollution sources can have serious or even irreversible impacts on the plateau ecology. To address pollution source treatment during the construction process, protect the ecological environment along the railway, and maintain the ecological balance, we collected geological and environmental data and analyzed the influencing factors of pollution sources. Taking sewage as the main research subject, we propose a new method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-cloud model to classify the pollution source treatment level, establish an index system, and select the ecological environment level, sewage rate, and pollutant characteristics as the three main influencing factors. Finally, we divide the pollution source treatment level into I, II, and III, corresponding to V1 = {I-level} = {high impact}, V2 = {II-level} = {moderate impact}, and V3 = {III-level} = {low impact}. Based on the comprehensive factor weight analysis and the field engineering conditions of the studied railway in the western plateau of China, we classify the pollution source treatment level of six tunnels and propose treatment suggestions for each level. To advance the efficient implementation of environmental protection during the construction of the plateau railway, we propose three policy recommendations that can positively contribute to environmental protection and green development. This work provides theoretical and technical guidance for the treatment of pollution sources in the construction of the plateau railway, which also serves as a significant reference for other similar projects.
在高原地区铁路建设过程中，各种类型的污染源可能对高原生态造成严重甚至不可逆转的影响。为了解决施工过程中的污染源处理问题，保护铁路沿线的生态环境，维护生态平衡，我们收集了地质和环境数据，并分析了污染源的影响因素。以污水为主要研究对象，我们提出了一种基于层次分析法（AHP）-云模型的新方法，对污染源处理水平进行分类，建立了一个指标体系，并选择生态环境水平、污水率和污染物特征作为三个主要影响因素。最后，我们将污染源处理水平分为 I、II 和 III 级，分别对应于 V1={I 级}= {高影响}、V2={II 级}= {中影响}和 V3={III 级}= {低影响}。基于综合因子权重分析和中国西部高原地区研究铁路的现场工程条件，我们对 6 个隧道的污染源处理水平进行了分类，并对每个水平提出了处理建议。为了推进高原铁路建设中的环境保护的有效实施，我们提出了三条可以为环境保护和绿色发展做出积极贡献的政策建议。这项工作为高原铁路建设中的污染源处理提供了理论和技术指导，也为其他类似项目提供了重要参考。
