Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Biomater Sci. 2023 Jul 12;11(14):4774-4788. doi: 10.1039/d3bm00387f.
Lipid-based nanoparticles have made a breakthrough in clinical disease as delivery systems due to their biocompatibility, thermal and long-term stability, high loading ability, simplicity of preparation, inexpensive production costs, and scalable manufacturing production. In particular, during the COVID-19 pandemic, this delivery system served as a vital vaccine component for virus confrontation. To obtain effective drug delivery, lipid-based nanoparticles should reach the desired sites with high efficiency, enter target cells, and release drugs. The structures and compositions of lipid-based nanoparticles can be modified to regulate these behaviors to enhance the therapeutic effects. Herein, we briefly review the development of lipid-based nanoparticles, from simple self-assembled nanovesicle-structured liposomes to multifunctional lipid nanoparticles. Subsequently, we summarize the strategies that regulate their tissue distribution, cell internalization, and drug release, highlighting the importance of the structural and componential design. We conclude with insights for further research to advance lipid-based nanotechnology.
基于脂质的纳米颗粒由于其生物相容性、热稳定性和长期稳定性、高负载能力、制备简单、生产成本低廉和可扩展的制造生产，在临床疾病作为递药系统方面取得了突破。特别是在 COVID-19 大流行期间，这种递药系统作为对抗病毒的重要疫苗成分。为了获得有效的药物递药，基于脂质的纳米颗粒应该高效地到达靶部位，进入靶细胞，并释放药物。可以修饰基于脂质的纳米颗粒的结构和组成来调节这些行为，以增强治疗效果。在此，我们简要综述了基于脂质的纳米颗粒的发展，从简单的自组装纳米囊泡结构的脂质体到多功能脂质纳米颗粒。随后，我们总结了调节其组织分布、细胞内化和药物释放的策略，突出了结构和组成设计的重要性。最后，我们对进一步的研究提出了见解，以推进基于脂质的纳米技术。
