Lindahl E, Michelsson K
Neuropediatrics. 1986 May;17(2):86-93. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1052507.
Minor and major congenital anomalies were studied in 395 neonatal risk children and 107 normal school children at the age of nine in the context of follow-up of the risk children. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of early prenatal disturbances on the long term prognosis. Minor physical anomalies (MPA) were scored by a weighted scoring system modified from that of Waldrop and Halverson. The children with minor or major congenital anomalies performed worse in a cognitive test (WISC) and in a motor performance test. The differences were significant in the neonatal risk group. There were more small for gestational age (SGA) children in the anomaly group of the neonatal risk group as a whole and in the low birthweight group than in the non-anomaly group. Hyperactivity was associated with a high MPA score in the comparison group, but not in the study group. The results are consistent with earlier reports of associations between intrauterine growth disturbance and minor physical anomalies. Our findings suggest an additive effect of prenatal insults and neonatal risk factors in the origin of neurodevelopmental disturbances.
在对395名新生儿期有风险儿童的随访过程中，对他们以及107名9岁正常学童的轻微和严重先天性异常情况进行了研究。该研究的目的是评估早期产前干扰对长期预后的影响。轻微身体异常（MPA）采用由Waldrop和Halverson的评分系统修改而来的加权评分系统进行评分。患有轻微或严重先天性异常的儿童在认知测试（韦氏儿童智力量表）和运动表现测试中的表现较差。在新生儿风险组中，这些差异具有显著性。在整个新生儿风险组的异常组以及低出生体重组中，小于胎龄（SGA）儿童比非异常组更多。在对照组中，多动与高MPA评分相关，但在研究组中并非如此。这些结果与早期关于宫内生长障碍和轻微身体异常之间关联的报告一致。我们的研究结果表明，产前损伤和新生儿风险因素在神经发育障碍的起源中具有累加效应。
