Hensher David A, Wei Edward, Liu Wen
Institute of Transport and Logistic Studies, The University of Sydney Business School, NSW 2006, Australia.
Transp Res Part A Policy Pract. 2023 Jul;173:103703. doi: 10.1016/j.tra.2023.103703. Epub 2023 May 24.
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a seismic shift in the way in which work is conducted. Remote working or working from home is becoming a centrepiece of the next normal with strong support from both employers and employees. With reduced commuting activity associated with an expected 1 to 2 days working from home for many occupations and industries, associated with releasing commuting time to spend on other activities including changed levels and patterns on non-commuting travel, it is necessary, indeed essential, to allow for the incidence of working from home in integrated strategic transport and location model systems. In this paper we show the extent of changes in travel behaviour and the performance of the transport network before and after allowing for working from home, which is more impactful than any new infrastructure project. The differences are significant and suggest that even within the existing modelling frameworks used pre-COVID-19, we need to make adjustments in the modal activity overall and by location. Using the MetroScan platform in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan area, we present a number of outputs to illustrate the significant impacts of working from home such as modal activity (total and shares), emissions, government revenues, and generalised cost of travel.
新冠疫情导致了工作方式的巨大转变。远程工作或居家办公在雇主和员工的大力支持下，正成为“新常态”的核心内容。由于许多职业和行业预计有1至2天居家办公，通勤活动减少，这使得通勤时间得以释放，可用于其他活动，包括非通勤出行的水平和模式发生变化。因此，在综合战略交通和选址模型系统中考虑居家办公的情况是必要的，甚至是至关重要的。在本文中，我们展示了考虑居家办公前后出行行为的变化程度以及交通网络的运行情况，其影响比任何新的基础设施项目都更为显著。这些差异很大，表明即使在新冠疫情前使用的现有建模框架内，我们也需要对总体模式活动和不同地点的模式活动进行调整。利用大悉尼都会区的MetroScan平台，我们展示了一些结果，以说明居家办公的重大影响，如模式活动（总量和份额）、排放、政府收入以及出行的广义成本。
