Antimicrobial Effects of Postbiotic Mediators Derived from GG and on .

BACKGROUND

is a major component of dental plaque, contributing to cariogenic biofilm formation and inducing dental caries. Attempts have recently been made to use postbiotic mediators (PMs) to prevent dental caries. This research evaluated the antimicrobial/antibiofilm activity of PMs derived from GG (LGG) and (LR) against .

METHODS

PMs were obtained from the supernatants. The minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, antibiofilm potential, and metabolic activity of PMs against were evaluated using CFU/mL, scanning electron microscopy, and XTT (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay. The expression of gene as one of the most important genes involved in biofilm formation was also measured using qRT-PCR.

RESULTS

CFU score was reduced by both PMs, but the reduction was only significant in LGG ( = 0.02). Both PMs caused a significant decrease in the metabolic activity of compared with the controls ( ≤ 0.002). treated with LGG PMs exhibited more destructive effects than LR PMs ( > 0.05). gene expression was significantly downregulated when treated with the PMs obtained from both LGG and LR ( = 0.01 for both).

CONCLUSIONS

We showed that PMs isolated from two strains inhibited biofilm, metabolic activity, and gene expression. Therefore, these derivatives may be a suitable biofilm-destruction agent against . However, the oral environment is a complex ecosystem that needs further investigation.