Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Science. 2023 Jun 2;380(6648):eabn8153. doi: 10.1126/science.abn8153.
Baboons (genus ) are a morphologically and behaviorally diverse clade of catarrhine monkeys that have experienced hybridization between phenotypically and genetically distinct phylogenetic species. We used high-coverage whole-genome sequences from 225 wild baboons representing 19 geographic localities to investigate population genomics and interspecies gene flow. Our analyses provide an expanded picture of evolutionary reticulation among species and reveal patterns of population structure within and among species, including differential admixture among conspecific populations. We describe the first example of a baboon population with a genetic composition that is derived from three distinct lineages. The results reveal processes, both ancient and recent, that produced the observed mismatch between phylogenetic relationships based on matrilineal, patrilineal, and biparental inheritance. We also identified several candidate genes that may contribute to species-specific phenotypes.
狒狒（属）是形态和行为多样化的反刍猴类，经历了表型和遗传上明显不同的进化物种之间的杂交。我们使用来自 225 只代表 19 个地理地点的野生狒狒的高覆盖全基因组序列来研究群体基因组学和种间基因流。我们的分析提供了物种间进化交织的扩展图景，并揭示了种内和种间的种群结构模式，包括同种种群之间的差异混合。我们描述了第一个具有遗传组成的狒狒种群的例子，该遗传组成源自三个不同的谱系。结果揭示了古老和近期的过程，这些过程导致了基于母系、父系和双亲遗传的系统发育关系之间的观察到的不匹配。我们还鉴定了几个可能导致种特异性表型的候选基因。
