Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing 5 road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jun 1;23(1):1048. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15974-4.
The relationship between obesity and hearing loss among the middle-aged and older population remained unclear. Moreover, few studies have focused on the impact of gender on this association.
This cohort study extracted the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a national survey of adults aged 45 years or over. Waist circumference was categorized into three groups: normal, pre-central obesity, and central obesity. We classified BMI into four categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. The primary endpoint was the incidence of self-reported hearing loss.
Of the 14,237 participants, 1972 incidents of hearing loss were identified during a median 6.9 years of follow-up. The cumulative incidence of hearing loss was 13.9% (95% CI 13.3% -14.4%). Our study showed that central obesity was significantly associated with hearing loss (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.75-0.94), and this relationship was more prominent in males (HR 0.76, 95%CI 0.63-0.91). Among male participants, the underweight group was at the highest risk of hearing loss (HR 1.39, 95%CI 1.08-1.79). Compared with the normal weight group, the adjusted HR for hearing loss in the obese groups was 0.69 (95%CI 0.51-0.94) among men. Among female participants, only the overweight group had a lower risk of hearing loss than the normal weight group (HR 0.83, 95%CI 0.71-0.96).
Being overweight and obese were significantly associated with a decreased risk of hearing loss, whereas being underweight was associated with an increased risk of hearing loss.
中年和老年人中肥胖与听力损失之间的关系仍不清楚。此外，很少有研究关注性别对此关联的影响。
本队列研究从中国健康与退休纵向研究中提取数据，这是一项针对 45 岁及以上成年人的全国性调查。腰围分为三组：正常、前中心性肥胖和中心性肥胖。我们将 BMI 分为四组：体重过轻、正常体重、超重和肥胖。主要终点是自我报告听力损失的发生率。
在 14237 名参与者中，在中位数为 6.9 年的随访期间，共发现 1972 例听力损失事件。听力损失的累积发生率为 13.9%（95%CI 13.3%-14.4%）。我们的研究表明，中心性肥胖与听力损失显著相关（HR 0.84，95%CI 0.75-0.94），这种关系在男性中更为明显（HR 0.76，95%CI 0.63-0.91）。在男性参与者中，体重过轻组听力损失的风险最高（HR 1.39，95%CI 1.08-1.79）。与正常体重组相比，肥胖组中男性听力损失的调整 HR 为 0.69（95%CI 0.51-0.94）。在女性参与者中，只有超重组的听力损失风险低于正常体重组（HR 0.83，95%CI 0.71-0.96）。
超重和肥胖与听力损失风险降低显著相关，而体重过轻与听力损失风险增加相关。
