Verdelli Alice, Corrà Alberto, Mariotti Elena Biancamaria, Aimo Cristina, Quintarelli Lavinia, Ruffo di Calabria Valentina, Donati Marta Elettra, Bonciolini Veronica, Antiga Emiliano, Caproni Marzia
Department of Health Sciences, Rare Dermatological Diseases Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, European Reference Network-Skin Member, Florence, Italy.
Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 May 17;10:1155288. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1155288. eCollection 2023.
The term gluten-related disorders (GRD) refer to a spectrum of different clinical manifestations triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, including coeliac disease (CD), wheat allergy and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). GRD are characterized by a large variety of clinical presentations with both intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations. The latter may affect almost every organ of the body, including the skin. Besides the well-known association between CD and dermatitis herpetiformis, considered as the cutaneous specific manifestation of CD, many other muco-cutaneous disorders have been associated to GRD. In this review, we analyzed the main features of dermatological diseases with a proven association with GRD and those that improve after a gluten-free diet, focusing on the newly described cutaneous manifestations associated with NCGS. Our main hypothesis is that a "cutaneous-gluten sensitivity," as specific cutaneous manifestation of NCGS, may exist and could represent a diagnostic marker of NCGS.
麸质相关疾病（GRD）是指在遗传易感个体中因摄入麸质引发的一系列不同临床表现，包括乳糜泻（CD）、小麦过敏和非乳糜泻麸质敏感（NCGS）。GRD的特征是具有多种临床表现，包括肠道和肠道外表现。后者可能影响身体的几乎每个器官，包括皮肤。除了CD与疱疹样皮炎之间的众所周知的关联（疱疹样皮炎被认为是CD的皮肤特异性表现）之外，许多其他皮肤黏膜疾病也与GRD有关。在本综述中，我们分析了与GRD已证实相关且在无麸质饮食后有所改善的皮肤病的主要特征，重点关注与NCGS相关的新描述的皮肤表现。我们的主要假设是，可能存在一种“皮肤麸质敏感”，作为NCGS的特异性皮肤表现，并且可能代表NCGS的诊断标志物。
