Department of Parasitology, Van Yüzüncü Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey.
Department of Parasitology, Van Yüzüncü Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2023 Aug;106(4):115954. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.115954. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
The diversity of microbiota is different in each person. Many health problems such as autoimmune diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and depression can be caused by microbiota imbalance. Since the parasite needs a host to survive, it interacts closely with the microbiota elements. Blastocystis acts on the inflammatory state of the intestine and may cause various gastrointestinal symptoms, on the contrary, it is more important for gut health because it causes bacterial diversity and richness. Blastocystis is associated with changes in gut microbiota composition, the ultimate indicator of which is the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. The Bifidobacterium genus was significantly reduced in IBS patients and Blastocystis, and there is a significant decrease in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which has anti-inflammatory properties in Blastocystis infection without IBS. Lactobacillus species reduce the presence of Giardia, and the produced bacteriocins prevent parasite adhesion. The presence of helminths has been strongly associated with the transition from Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes and Clostridia. Contrary to Ascaris, alpha diversity in the intestinal microbiota decreases in chronic Trichuris muris infection, and growth and nutrient metabolism efficiency can be suppressed. Helminth infections indirectly affect mood and behavior in children through their effects on microbiota change. The main and focus of this review is to address the relationship of parasites with microbiota elements and to review the data about what changes they cause. Microbiota studies have gained importance recently and it is thought that it will contribute to the treatment of many diseases as well as in the fight against parasitic diseases in the future.
微生物群落的多样性在每个人之间都有所不同。许多健康问题，如自身免疫性疾病、糖尿病、心血管疾病和抑郁症，都可能是由微生物群落失衡引起的。由于寄生虫需要宿主才能生存，它与微生物群落元素密切相互作用。Blastocystis 作用于肠道的炎症状态，可能导致各种胃肠道症状，相反，它对肠道健康更为重要，因为它会引起细菌多样性和丰富度的增加。Blastocystis 与肠道微生物群落组成的变化有关，最终的指标是厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值。在 IBS 患者和 Blastocystis 中双歧杆菌属显著减少，而具有抗炎特性的 Faecalibacterium prausnitzii 显著减少，在没有 IBS 的 Blastocystis 感染中，双歧杆菌属显著减少。乳杆菌属减少了贾第虫的存在，产生的细菌素可防止寄生虫黏附。寄生虫的存在与从拟杆菌门到厚壁菌门和梭菌门的转变密切相关。与蛔虫相反，在慢性旋毛虫感染中，肠道微生物群落的 alpha 多样性减少，生长和营养代谢效率可能受到抑制。寄生虫感染通过改变微生物群落间接影响儿童的情绪和行为。本综述的主要和重点是解决寄生虫与微生物群落元素的关系，并回顾它们引起的变化的数据。微生物组学研究最近变得越来越重要，人们认为它将有助于治疗许多疾病，并有助于未来对抗寄生虫病。
