Fathollahzadeh Abazar, Salmani Ibrahim, Morowatisharifabad Mohammad Ali, Khajehaminian Mohammad-Reza, Babaie Javad, Fallahzadeh Hossein
Department of Health in Disaster and Emergencies, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2023 Mar 31;12:87. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_277_22. eCollection 2023.
Risk communication is considered a major factor in disaster risk management by the concerned policymakers and researchers. However, the incoherence of variables affecting risk communication in various studies makes it difficult to plan for disaster risk communication. This study aims to identify and classify the influential components in disaster risk communication.
This systematic review was conducted in 2020. Databases included PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. In searching for articles, there was no limit on the date of publication and the language of the article. The research addressed both natural and man-made disasters. The Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA) checklist was followed throughout the research, and the quality of the papers was assessed using the mixed methods evaluation tool (MMAT).
In searching the articles, 3956 documents were obtained, of which 1025 duplicated articles were excluded. The titles and abstracts of the remaining documents (2931) were examined, of which 2822 were deleted, and the full text of 109 documents was studied for further assessment. Finally, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and reviewing the full texts, 32 documents were considered to extract the data and for quality assessment. On studying the full text of the obtained documents, 115 components were found, which were classified into five groups (message, message sender, message receiver, message environment, message process) and 13 subgroups. In addition, the obtained components were classified as those proposed by the authors of the article and those obtained from disaster risk communication models.
Identifying the effective components in the disaster risk communication gives a more comprehensive view of risk communication to the disaster managers and executives and provides the decision-makers with an important platform to be able to use the components of risk communication and increase the impact of messages and ultimately increase people's preparedness for disasters in planning operations for the risk communication.
风险沟通被相关政策制定者和研究人员视为灾害风险管理的一个主要因素。然而，各项研究中影响风险沟通的变量缺乏连贯性，这使得制定灾害风险沟通计划变得困难。本研究旨在识别和分类灾害风险沟通中的影响因素。
本系统评价于2020年进行。数据库包括PubMed、Scopus和科学网。在搜索文章时，对发表日期和文章语言没有限制。该研究涉及自然和人为灾害。在整个研究过程中遵循系统评价和Meta分析方案的首选报告项目（PRISMA）清单，并使用混合方法评估工具（MMAT）评估论文质量。
在搜索文章时，共获得3956篇文献，其中排除1025篇重复文章。对其余文献（2931篇）的标题和摘要进行了审查，删除了其中2822篇，对109篇文献的全文进行了进一步评估。最后，在应用纳入和排除标准并审查全文后，选取32篇文献进行数据提取和质量评估。在研究所得文献的全文时，发现了115个因素，这些因素被分为五组（信息、信息发送者、信息接收者、信息环境、信息过程）和13个子组。此外，所获得的因素被分类为文章作者提出的因素和从灾害风险沟通模型中获得的因素。
识别灾害风险沟通中的有效因素，能让灾害管理人员和执行人员对风险沟通有更全面的认识，并为决策者提供一个重要平台，使其能够利用风险沟通的因素，增强信息的影响力，最终在制定风险沟通行动计划时提高人们对灾害的防范能力。
