Institute for Work & Health, Suite 1800, 400 University Avenue, M5G 1S5, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Occup Rehabil. 2023 Sep;33(3):432-449. doi: 10.1007/s10926-023-10119-1. Epub 2023 Jun 9.
Non-White workers face more frequent, severe, and disabling occupational and non-occupational injuries and illnesses when compared to White workers. It is unclear whether the return-to-work (RTW) process following injury or illness differs according to race or ethnicity.
To determine racial and ethnic differences in the RTW process of workers with an occupational or non-occupational injury or illness.
A systematic review was conducted. Eight academic databases - Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, ASSIA, ABI Inform, and Econ lit - were searched. Titles/abstracts and full texts of articles were reviewed for eligibility; relevant articles were appraised for methodological quality. A best evidence synthesis was applied to determine key findings and generate recommendations based on an assessment of the quality, quantity, and consistency of evidence.
15,289 articles were identified from which 19 studies met eligibility criteria and were appraised as medium-to-high methodological quality. Fifteen studies focused on workers with a non-occupational injury or illness and only four focused on workers with an occupational injury or illness. There was strong evidence indicating that non-White and racial/ethnic minority workers were less likely to RTW following a non-occupational injury or illness when compared to White or racial/ethnic majority workers.
Policy and programmatic attention should be directed towards addressing racism and discrimination faced by non-White and racial/ethnic minority workers in the RTW process. Our research also underscores the importance of enhancing the measurement and examination of race and ethnicity in the field of work disability management.
与白人相比，非裔和其他少数族裔工人在职业和非职业伤害和疾病方面面临更高频率、更严重和更具致残性的伤害和疾病。目前尚不清楚受伤或患病后重返工作岗位（RTW）的过程是否因种族或民族而异。
确定职业或非职业伤害或疾病后，工人的 RTW 过程中是否存在种族和民族差异。
进行了系统评价。共检索了 8 个学术数据库 - Medline、Embase、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Sociological Abstracts、ASSIA、ABI Inform 和 Econ lit。对文章的标题/摘要和全文进行了资格审查；对相关文章进行了方法学质量评估。应用最佳证据综合法，根据对证据的质量、数量和一致性的评估，确定关键发现并提出建议。
从 15,289 篇文章中确定了 19 项符合资格标准并被评估为中高度方法学质量的研究。15 项研究侧重于非职业伤害或疾病的工人，只有 4 项研究侧重于职业伤害或疾病的工人。有强有力的证据表明，与白人或种族/民族多数工人相比，非裔和其他少数族裔工人在非职业伤害或疾病后重返工作岗位的可能性较小。
应将政策和计划重点放在解决非裔和其他少数族裔工人在 RTW 过程中面临的种族主义和歧视问题上。我们的研究还强调了在工作残疾管理领域加强对种族和民族的测量和研究的重要性。
