Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
Tobacco Control Research Group, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
BMJ Open. 2023 Jun 9;13(6):e066528. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066528.
The aim of the study was to assess the Sudanese tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) legislative environment and the challenges characterising it. We formulated three research questions: What is the TAPS policy context in Sudan? What circumstances led to the development of the current legislative text? Finally, what was the involvement of the different actors in these events?
We conducted a qualitative analysis using the Health Policy Triangle model to frame the collection and extraction of publicly available information from academic literature search engines, news media databases or websites of national and international organisations, as published by February 2021. The thematic framework approach was employed to code and analyse the textual data and the generated themes were used to map connections across the data and to explore relationships among the generated subthemes and themes.
Sudan.
Using a combination of the keywords "Sudan" and "tobacco advertising" (or "tobacco marketing" or "tobacco promotion"), we collected publicly available documents in the English language. We included 29 documents in the analysis.
Three themes underpin the Sudanese legislative environment on TAPS: (1) limited and outdated TAPS data, (2) stakeholder involvement and tobacco industry interference and (3) TAPS legislation not aligned with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Secretariat recommendations.
Findings from this qualitative analysis suggest that recommendations to move forward in Sudan should include the systematic and periodic collection of TAPS surveillance data, addressing any remaining legislative content loopholes and protecting policy-making from tobacco industry interference. In addition, best practices from other low-income and middle-income countries with good TAPS monitoring systems, such as Egypt, Bangladesh and Indonesia, or with protective provisions against tobacco industry interference, such as Thailand and the Philippines, could be considered for adaptation and implementation.
本研究旨在评估苏丹的烟草广告、促销和赞助（TAPS）立法环境及其特点。我们提出了三个研究问题：苏丹的 TAPS 政策背景是什么？导致当前立法文本发展的情况是什么？最后，不同行为者在这些事件中的参与情况如何？
我们使用健康政策三角模型进行了定性分析，以构建从学术文献搜索引擎、新闻媒体数据库或国家和国际组织网站收集和提取公开信息的框架，这些信息截至 2021 年 2 月发布。我们采用主题框架方法对文本数据进行编码和分析，并使用生成的主题来绘制数据之间的连接，并探索生成的子主题和主题之间的关系。
苏丹。
我们使用“苏丹”和“烟草广告”（或“烟草营销”或“烟草促销”）的组合关键词，收集了英文的公开文件。我们分析了 29 份文件。
苏丹 TAPS 立法环境有三个主题：（1）有限和过时的 TAPS 数据，（2）利益相关者的参与和烟草业的干扰，（3）TAPS 立法与世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约秘书处建议不一致。
这项定性分析的结果表明，在苏丹向前推进的建议应包括系统和定期收集 TAPS 监测数据，解决任何剩余的立法内容漏洞，并保护决策免受烟草业的干扰。此外，还可以考虑埃及、孟加拉国和印度尼西亚等具有良好 TAPS 监测系统的低收入和中等收入国家，或泰国和菲律宾等具有防范烟草业干扰的保护条款的最佳做法，以适应和实施。
