Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 May 25;15(11):2472. doi: 10.3390/nu15112472.
Metformin, a frontline therapy for type 2 diabetes and related metabolic diseases, results in variable outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether sweetened beverages (caloric or non-caloric) affect the therapeutic benefits of metformin on glucose, food intake, and weight loss in diet-induced obesity. Mice were given a high-fat diet and sweetened water for 8 weeks to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. Then, mice were randomized to receive metformin in either water, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), or the non-nutritive sweetener saccharin for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of metformin treatment, all groups had improved glucose tolerance compared to pretreatment. However, saccharin resulted in worse glucose tolerance and weight gain outcomes than the water or HFCS groups and correlated with lower plasma growth differentiation factor 15 levels. In conclusion, reducing non-nutritive sweetener consumption during metformin therapy is recommended to avoid impairing the therapeutic effects of metformin on body weight and glucose homeostasis.
二甲双胍是治疗 2 型糖尿病和相关代谢性疾病的一线药物，但疗效存在个体差异。本研究旨在探讨甜味饮料（含热量或不含热量）是否会影响二甲双胍在饮食诱导肥胖小鼠中的降糖、降低食物摄入和减轻体重的治疗效果。研究将小鼠给予高脂肪饮食和甜味水 8 周以诱导肥胖和葡萄糖耐量受损。然后，将小鼠随机分为水组、高果糖玉米糖浆（HFCS）组或非营养性甜味剂糖精组，给予二甲双胍治疗 6 周。6 周的二甲双胍治疗后，所有组的葡萄糖耐量均较治疗前改善。然而，与水组或 HFCS 组相比，糖精组的葡萄糖耐量更差，体重增加更多，且与较低的血浆生长分化因子 15 水平相关。总之，建议在二甲双胍治疗期间减少非营养性甜味剂的摄入，以避免削弱二甲双胍对体重和血糖稳态的治疗效果。
