Ismail Esraa, Chi Xiaofei, Bhatta Mallika, Hosford Jennifer, Bernier Angelina
College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UF Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Feb 26;17(5):797. doi: 10.3390/nu17050797.
Artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) are commonly recommended as a substitute for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in dietary counseling. Childhood obesity, associated with comorbidities like type 2 diabetes (T2D), has risen alongside increased consumption of both SSBs and ASBs. Metformin, a common treatment for pediatric T2D, affects GDF-15, a hormone involved in weight regulation. This pilot study examines the impact of ASBs on the therapeutic effects of metformin in pediatric patients with obesity and prediabetes, focusing on growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) as a potential mediator.
Forty-six children aged 10-21 years were randomized into two groups: one consuming non-sweetened beverages (USB) and the other consuming ASBs during a 12-week metformin intervention.
While the USB group showed a greater decrease in the point estimate for mean BMI (-0.55 ± 1.49 USB vs. -0.23 ± 1.60 ASB) and an increase in the point estimate for mean GDF-15 (33.40 ± 58.34 in USB vs. 19.77 ± 85.87 in ASB), these differences were not statistically significant ( = 0.6). As a hypothesis-generating exercise, change in insulin resistance was explored. While again lacking statistical power, we observed that more participants in the USB group showed improvements in insulin resistance.
Additional studies are needed to fully elucidate the impact of non-nutritive sweeteners on metabolic health and treatment outcomes in pediatric obesity.
在饮食咨询中，人工甜味饮料（ASB）通常被推荐作为含糖饮料（SSB）的替代品。与2型糖尿病（T2D）等合并症相关的儿童肥胖症，随着SSB和ASB消费量的增加而上升。二甲双胍是治疗儿童T2D的常用药物，它会影响生长分化因子15（GDF-15），这是一种参与体重调节的激素。这项初步研究考察了ASB对肥胖和糖尿病前期儿童患者二甲双胍治疗效果的影响，重点关注生长分化因子15（GDF-15）作为潜在的调节因子。
46名年龄在10至21岁之间的儿童被随机分为两组：一组在为期12周的二甲双胍干预期间饮用无糖饮料（USB），另一组饮用ASB。
虽然USB组的平均BMI点估计值下降幅度更大（USB组为-0.55±1.49，ASB组为-0.23±1.60），平均GDF-15的点估计值有所增加（USB组为33.40±58.34，ASB组为19.77±85.87），但这些差异无统计学意义（P=0.6）。作为一项产生假设的研究，探讨了胰岛素抵抗的变化。同样，虽然缺乏统计学效力，但我们观察到USB组中有更多参与者的胰岛素抵抗有所改善。
需要进一步的研究来充分阐明非营养性甜味剂对儿童肥胖症代谢健康和治疗结果的影响。
