Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Jun 28;51(3):1143-1155. doi: 10.1042/BST20221203.
Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a transmembrane cell-cell adhesion receptor that forms homodimers across junctions and plays a key role in mediating epithelial barrier integrity. CAR can also heterodimerise with receptors on the surface of leukocytes and thus plays an additional role in mediating immune cell transmigration across epithelial tissues. Given the importance of both biological processes in cancer, CAR is emerging as a potential mediator of tumorigenesis as well as a target on cancer cells for viral therapy delivery. However, the emerging, often conflicting, evidence suggests that CAR function is tightly regulated and that contributions to disease progression are likely to be context specific. Here, we summarise reported roles for CAR in the context of cancer and draw on observations in other disease settings to offer a perspective on the potential relevance of this receptor as a therapeutic target for solid tumours.
柯萨奇病毒和腺病毒受体 (CAR) 是一种跨膜细胞间黏附受体，在连接点形成同源二聚体，在介导上皮屏障完整性方面发挥关键作用。CAR 还可以与白细胞表面的受体形成异二聚体，因此在介导免疫细胞穿过上皮组织迁移方面发挥额外作用。鉴于这两个生物学过程在癌症中的重要性，CAR 作为肿瘤发生的潜在介质以及用于病毒治疗递送的癌细胞靶点正在出现。然而，新兴的、经常相互矛盾的证据表明，CAR 功能受到严格调控，并且对疾病进展的贡献可能具有特定的上下文依赖性。在这里，我们总结了 CAR 在癌症背景下的报道作用，并借鉴了其他疾病环境中的观察结果，为该受体作为实体瘤治疗靶点的潜在相关性提供了一个视角。
