National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409, Moscow, Russia.
Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Strada Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, Campus Ecotekne, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
Nat Commun. 2023 Jun 12;14(1):3464. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38939-y.
Spectra of low-lying elementary excitations are critical to characterize properties of bosonic quantum fluids. Usually these spectra are difficult to observe, due to low occupation of non-condensate states compared to the ground state. Recently, low-threshold Bose-Einstein condensation was realised in a symmetry-protected bound state in the continuum, at a saddle point, thanks to coupling of this electromagnetic resonance to semiconductor excitons. While it has opened the door to long-living polariton condensates, their intrinsic collective properties are still unexplored. Here we unveil the peculiar features of the Bogoliubov spectrum of excitations in this system. Thanks to the dark nature of the bound-in-the-continuum state, collective excitations lying directly above the condensate become observable in enhanced detail. We reveal interesting aspects, such as energy-flat parts of the dispersion characterized by two parallel stripes in photoluminescence pattern, pronounced linearization at non-zero momenta in one of the directions, and a strongly anisotropic velocity of sound.
低能元激发的谱对于描述玻色量子流体的性质至关重要。通常,由于与基态相比,非凝聚态的占据较低,因此这些谱很难观察到。最近,由于这种电磁共振与半导体激子的耦合,在连续统的对称保护束缚态中,在鞍点处实现了低阈值玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚。虽然这为长寿命极化激元凝聚态打开了大门,但它们的固有集体性质仍未被探索。在这里,我们揭示了该系统中激发的玻戈留波夫谱的特殊特征。由于束缚在连续统中的状态的暗性质,直接位于凝聚态上方的集体激发可以更详细地观察到。我们揭示了有趣的方面,例如色散中的能量平坦部分,其特征在于光致发光图案中的两条平行条纹,在一个方向上的非零动量处明显的线性化,以及强烈各向异性的声速。