Marco-Franco Julio Emilio, Reis-Santos Margarida, Barrachina-Martinez Isabel, Jurewicz Alina, Camaño-Puig Ramón
Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Valencia University, Spain.
Centre of Economic Engineering (INECO), Unit of Investigation in Economy and Healthcare Management (CIEGS), Department of Economy and Social Sciences, Faculty of Business Administration and Management, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain.
Heliyon. 2023 May 27;9(6):e16760. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16760. eCollection 2023 Jun.
With the growth of digital nursing, several studies have focused on recording patients' views on remote care, or specialised nurse staffing aspects. This is the first international survey on telenursing focused exclusively on clinical nurses that analyses the dimensions of usefulness, acceptability, and appropriateness of telenursing from the staff point of view.
A previously validated structured questionnaire including demographic variables, 18 responses with a Likert-5 scale, three dichotomous questions, and one overall percentual estimation of holistic nursing care susceptible to being undertaken by telenursing, was administered (from 1 September to 30 November 2022) to 225 clinical and community nurses from three selected EU countries. Data analysis: descriptive data, classical and Rasch testing.
The results show adequacy of the model for measurement of the domains of usefulness, acceptability, and appropriateness of telenursing (overall Cronbach's alpha 0.945, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 0.952 and Bartlett's p < 0.001). Answers in favour of telenursing ranked 4 out of 5 in Likert scale, both globally and by the three domains. Rasch: reliability coefficient 0.94, Warm's main weighted likelihood estimate reliability 0.95. In the ANOVA analysis, the results for Portugal were significantly higher than those for Spain and Poland, both overall and for each of the dimensions. Respondents with bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees score significantly higher than those with certificates or diplomas. Multiple regression did not yield additional data of interest.
The tested model proved to be valid, but although the majority of nurses are in favour of telenursing, given the nature of the care, which is mainly face-to-face, according to the respondents, the chances of carrying out their activities by telenursing is only 35.3%. The survey provides useful information on what can be expected from the implementation of telenursing and the questionnaire proves to be a useful tool to be applied in other countries.
随着数字护理的发展，多项研究聚焦于记录患者对远程护理的看法或专业护士人员配置方面。这是首次专门针对临床护士开展的关于远程护理的国际调查，从工作人员的角度分析了远程护理的有用性、可接受性和适宜性维度。
2022年9月1日至11月30日，向来自三个选定欧盟国家的225名临床和社区护士发放了一份先前经过验证的结构化问卷，其中包括人口统计学变量、18个采用5级李克特量表的回答、三个二分问题以及一个关于远程护理可开展的整体护理百分比估计。数据分析：描述性数据、经典测试和拉施测试。
结果表明该模型适用于测量远程护理的有用性、可接受性和适宜性领域（总体克朗巴哈系数为0.945，凯泽 - 迈耶 - 奥尔金值为0.952，巴特利特检验p < 0.001）。在李克特量表中，支持远程护理的回答在整体及三个领域中均排名第4。拉施分析：可靠性系数为0.94，沃姆主要加权似然估计可靠性为0.95。在方差分析中，葡萄牙的结果在总体及各维度上均显著高于西班牙和波兰。拥有学士、硕士和博士学位的受访者得分显著高于拥有证书或文凭的受访者。多元回归未得出其他有价值的数据。
经测试的模型被证明是有效的，但尽管大多数护士支持远程护理，但根据受访者的说法，鉴于护理主要是面对面的性质，通过远程护理开展其工作的机会仅为35.3%。该调查为远程护理实施的预期提供了有用信息，且该问卷被证明是可应用于其他国家的有用工具。
