Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
School of Mathematics, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2023 Jun 14;137(11):895-912. doi: 10.1042/CS20220061.
Circadian regulation causes the activity of biological processes to vary over a 24-h cycle. The pathological effects of this variation are predominantly studied using two different approaches: pre-clinical models or observational clinical studies. Both these approaches have provided useful insights into how underlying circadian mechanisms operate and specifically which are regulated by the molecular oscillator, a key time-keeping mechanism in the body. This review compares and contrasts findings from these two approaches in the context of four common respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and respiratory infection). Potential methods used to identify and measure human circadian oscillations are also discussed as these will be useful outcome measures in future interventional human trials that target circadian mechanisms.
昼夜节律调节导致生物过程的活性在 24 小时周期内发生变化。这种变化的病理影响主要通过两种不同的方法进行研究：临床前模型或观察性临床研究。这两种方法都为我们提供了有用的见解，了解了内在的昼夜节律机制是如何运作的，以及哪些机制受到分子振荡器的调节，分子振荡器是人体中关键的计时机制。本综述在四个常见的呼吸系统疾病（哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺纤维化和呼吸道感染）的背景下比较和对比了这两种方法的发现。还讨论了潜在的用于识别和测量人体昼夜节律波动的方法，因为这些方法将是未来针对昼夜节律机制的干预性人体试验中的有用结果测量指标。
