Cai Qingzhu, Song Qiang, Jiang Kunxia, Lin Yao, Zhang Ying, Zhang Jirong, Lin Shuqing, Huang Lina, Xue Qihuang, Huang Zehao, Xu Wen, Xu Wei, Yam Mun Fei
College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Chem. 2023 May 31;11:1193188. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1193188. eCollection 2023.
species are used as medicinal plants all over the world. The leaves of species are sustainable medicinal resources that are rich in taxoids and flavonoids. However, traditional identification methods cannot effectively identify species on the basis of leaces used as raw medicinal materials, because their appearance and morphological characteristics are almost the same, and the probability of error identification increases in accordance with the subjective consciousness of the experimenter. Moreover, although the leaves of different species have been widely used, their chemical components are similar and lack systematic comparative research. Such a situation is challenging for quality assessment. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics was applied for the simultaneous determination of eight taxoids, four flavanols, five flavonols, two dihydroflavones, and five biflavones in the leaves of six species, namely, , , , , , and . Chemometric methods, including hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis, random forest iterative modeling, and fisher linear discriminant analysis, were utilized to differentiate and evaluate the six species. This proposed method exhibited good linearity ( = 0.9999-0.9972) with a lower quantification limits of 0.94-3.05 ng/mL for all analytes. The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 6.83%. Six compounds, namely, 7-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol, ginkgetin, rutin, aromadendrin, 10-deacetyl baccatin III, and epigallocatechin, were identified through chemometrics for the first time. These compounds can be used as important chemical markers to distinguish the above six species rapidly. This study established a method for determination of the leaves of six species, and revealing the differences in the chemical components of these six species.
全世界都将该物种用作药用植物。该物种的叶子是可持续的药用资源，富含紫杉烷类化合物和黄酮类化合物。然而，传统的鉴定方法无法根据用作原料药的叶子有效地鉴定该物种，因为它们的外观和形态特征几乎相同，并且错误鉴定的概率会随着实验者的主观意识而增加。此外，尽管不同该物种的叶子已被广泛使用，但其化学成分相似，缺乏系统的比较研究。这种情况对质量评估具有挑战性。在本研究中，采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用结合化学计量学方法，同时测定六种该物种（即[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]、[具体物种3]、[具体物种4]、[具体物种5]和[具体物种6]）叶子中的八种紫杉烷类化合物、四种黄烷醇、五种黄酮醇、两种二氢黄酮和五种双黄酮。利用包括层次聚类分析、主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析、随机森林迭代建模和费舍尔线性判别分析在内的化学计量学方法，对这六种该物种进行区分和评价。该方法具有良好的线性关系（相关系数r = 0.9999 - 0.9972），所有分析物的定量下限较低，为0.94 - 3.05 ng/mL。日内和日间精密度均在6.83%以内。通过化学计量学首次鉴定出七种化合物，即7-木糖基-10-去乙酰紫杉醇、银杏双黄酮、芦丁、芳樟醇、10-去乙酰浆果赤霉素III和表没食子儿茶素。这些化合物可作为重要的化学标志物，快速区分上述六种该物种。本研究建立了一种测定六种该物种叶子的方法，并揭示了这六种该物种化学成分的差异。
