Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2023 Aug 7;381(2252):20220277. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0277. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
The modern scientific world view was built on the incommensurability between cognition (mind) and physics (matter) and later life and physics (the autonomy of biology). Fuelled by Boltzmann's view of the second law of thermodynamics as a 'law of disorder', the idea of 'two opposing rivers', the river of physics 'flowing down' to disorder and the river of life and mind 'flowing up' to higher states of order became a cornerstone of contemporary thinking. The deleterious result of this paradigmatic separation of physics, life and mind has been to considerably incapacitate each by bracketing many of the deepest problems of science, including the very nature of life itself and its cognitive capabilities, outside the theoretical reach of contemporary science. An expanded view of physics, notably the addition of the fourth law of thermodynamics (LMEP), or the law of maximum entropy production, coupled with first law time-translation symmetry, and the self-referencing circularity of the relational ontology of autocatakinetic systems, provides the basis for a grand unified theory unifying physics, life, information and cognition (mind). This dissolves the dysfunctional myth of the two rivers, and solves the previously insoluble problems at the foundations of modern science associated with it. This article is part of the theme issue 'Thermodynamics 2.0: Bridging the natural and social sciences (Part 1)'.
现代科学世界观建立在认知(思维)与物理(物质)之间的不可通约性以及后来的生命与物理(生物学的自主性)之间的不可通约性基础上。受玻尔兹曼将热力学第二定律视为“无序定律”的观点以及“两条对立河流”的观点的推动,物理学的“河流向下”流向无序,而生命和思维的“河流向上”流向更高的有序状态,这一观点成为当代思维的基石。这种将物理学、生命和思维割裂开来的范式分离,将许多科学的最深层次的问题,包括生命本身的本质及其认知能力,都排除在当代科学的理论范围之外,从而产生了有害的后果。对物理学的扩展观点,特别是热力学第四定律(LMEP)或最大熵产生定律的加入,再加上第一定律的时间平移对称性,以及自参照的自运动系统的关系本体论的循环性,为统一物理学、生命、信息和认知(思维)的大统一理论提供了基础。这消除了两条河流之间功能失调的神话,并解决了与之相关的现代科学基础上以前无法解决的问题。本文是主题为“热力学 2.0:弥合自然科学和社会科学(第 1 部分)”的一部分。