International Association for the Integration of Science and Engineering (IAISAE).
Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2023 Aug 7;381(2252):20220275. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0275. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
Thermodynamics is a universal science. The language of thermodynamics is energy and its derivatives such as entropy and power. The physical theory of thermodynamics reigns across a full spectrum of non-living objects as well as living beings. In the traditions of the past, the dichotomy between matter and life resulted in the natural sciences studying matter while the social sciences focused on living beings. As the state of human knowledge continues to evolve, anticipating the sciences of matter (natural science) and of life (social science) becoming unified under a single overarching theory is not unnatural. This article is part of the theme issue 'Thermodynamics 2.0: Bridging the natural and social sciences (Part 1)'.
热力学是一门普遍的科学。热力学的语言是能量及其导数，如熵和功率。热力学的物理理论统治着各种非生命物体以及生命。在过去的传统中，物质和生命的二分法导致自然科学研究物质，而社会科学则关注生命。随着人类知识的不断发展，预计物质科学（自然科学）和生命科学（社会科学）将在一个单一的总体理论下统一起来，这并不是不合自然的。本文是主题为“热力学 2.0：连接自然科学和社会科学（第 1 部分）”的一部分。
