Department of Epidemiology, Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (M.C., G.M., J.Z.).
Center for American Indian Health Research, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (Y.Z., E.T.L.).
Hypertension. 2023 Aug;80(8):1771-1783. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21144. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Standard lipid panel cannot reflect the complexity of blood lipidome. The associations of individual lipid species with hypertension remain to be determined in large-scale epidemiological studies, especially in a longitudinal setting.
Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we repeatedly measured 1542 lipid species in 3699 fasting plasma samples at 2 visits (1905 at baseline, 1794 at follow-up, ~5.5 years apart) from 1905 unique American Indians in the Strong Heart Family Study. We first identified baseline lipids associated with prevalent and incident hypertension, followed by replication of top hits in Europeans. We then conducted repeated measurement analysis to examine the associations of changes in lipid species with changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure. Network analysis was performed to identify lipid networks associated with the risk of hypertension.
Baseline levels of multiple lipid species, for example, glycerophospholipids, cholesterol esters, sphingomyelins, glycerolipids, and fatty acids, were significantly associated with both prevalent and incident hypertension in American Indians. Some lipids were confirmed in Europeans. Longitudinal changes in multiple lipid species, for example, acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, fatty acids, and triacylglycerols, were significantly associated with changes in blood pressure measurements. Network analysis identified distinct lipidomic patterns associated with the risk of hypertension.
Baseline plasma lipid species and their longitudinal changes are significantly associated with hypertension development in American Indians. Our findings shed light on the role of dyslipidemia in hypertension and may offer potential opportunities for risk stratification and early prediction of hypertension.
血脂异常是高血压和心血管疾病的重要危险因素。标准血脂谱无法反映血脂组学的复杂性。在大规模的流行病学研究中，尤其是在纵向研究中，仍需要确定个别脂质种类与高血压之间的关联。
我们使用液相色谱-质谱法，在 Strong Heart 家族研究中，对 1905 位独特的美洲印第安人中的 3699 个禁食血浆样本（1905 个基线样本，1794 个随访样本，相隔约 5.5 年）进行了两次检测，共检测到 1542 种脂质。我们首先确定了与现患和新发高血压相关的基线脂质，然后在欧洲人中对最高命中值进行了复制。接着，我们进行了重复测量分析，以研究脂质种类变化与收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉压变化之间的关联。进行网络分析，以确定与高血压风险相关的脂质网络。
基线水平的多种脂质种类，如甘油磷脂、胆固醇酯、鞘磷脂、甘油三酯和脂肪酸，与美洲印第安人现患和新发高血压均显著相关。一些脂质在欧洲人中得到了证实。多种脂质种类的纵向变化，如酰基辅酶 A、磷脂酰胆碱、脂肪酸和三酰甘油，与血压测量值的变化显著相关。网络分析确定了与高血压风险相关的不同脂质图谱。
基线血浆脂质种类及其纵向变化与美洲印第安人高血压的发生发展显著相关。我们的研究结果揭示了血脂异常在高血压中的作用，并为高血压的风险分层和早期预测提供了潜在的机会。
