Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 19;13(1):9910. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37082-4.
Hypertension is a major contributor to global CVD burden. LMICs including India is challenged with rising hypertension prevalence, yet limited studies are available on temporal change and incidence among community-cohorts. This study aimed to describe trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control over 8 years among a rural community-cohort from Haryana, India. The study also lends towards an analysis of incidence. Adults ≥ 30 years (N = 1542) recruited during baseline cross-sectional study between 2011 and 2014 were followed up after a median 8.1 years. At endline, demographic/lifestyle characteristics and blood pressure were re-examined. Overall median SBP significantly increased from 120 mmHg at baseline to 125.5 mmHg at endline (p < 0.001), while hypertension prevalence increased from 34.4% (95% CI 32.0-36.9) to 40.4% (95% CI 37.5-43.4) (p = 0.002). Age-standardized hypertension incidence was 30.2% (95% CI 26.7-35.2) over 8 years. Among hypertensive group, awareness, treatment, and control increased from 9.6, 8.8 and 5.0% to 31.8, 27.3 and 9.6% (p < 0.05), respectively. Increasing trend in SBP and hypertension prevalence was observed as the cohort ages. This increase is supported by the high incidence of hypertension. Nevertheless, our study highlights positive trends in hypertension care cascade but poor control, suggesting that this trend may not be adequately impactful to reduce hypertension burden.
高血压是全球心血管疾病负担的主要因素。包括印度在内的中低收入国家面临高血压患病率上升的挑战，但关于社区队列中高血压的时间变化和发病率的研究有限。本研究旨在描述印度哈里亚纳邦一个农村社区队列中高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率在 8 年内的变化趋势。该研究还分析了发病率。在 2011 年至 2014 年期间进行的基线横断面研究中招募了年龄≥30 岁的成年人（N=1542），并在中位数 8.1 年后进行了随访。在终点时，重新检查了人口统计学/生活方式特征和血压。总体收缩压中位数从基线时的 120mmHg 显著增加到终点时的 125.5mmHg（p<0.001），而高血压患病率从 34.4%（95%CI 32.0-36.9）增加到 40.4%（95%CI 37.5-43.4）（p=0.002）。8 年内年龄标准化高血压发病率为 30.2%（95%CI 26.7-35.2）。在高血压组中，知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别从 9.6%、8.8%和 5.0%增加到 31.8%、27.3%和 9.6%（p<0.05）。随着队列年龄的增长，SBP 和高血压患病率呈上升趋势。这一增长得到了高血压发病率高的支持。然而，我们的研究强调了高血压护理级联的积极趋势，但控制不佳，这表明这一趋势可能不足以减轻高血压负担。
