Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2023 Jul 19;11(28):6491-6515. doi: 10.1039/d3tb00462g.
Ionic liquids (ILs) are composed of asymmetric cationic and anionic moieties and are used as green solvents. Their non-toxic nature, favorable biocompatibility and adjustable structure facilitate wide biomedical applications. ILs promote the generation of various nanohybrids that exhibit multiple functions and novel/improved properties with respect to their precursors. Generally, nanostructures have a large specific surface area and abundant functional groups which enable loading and incorporation of ILs through physical interactions or chemical bonding. According to their main skeleton structures, IL-based nanohybrids may be divided into five categories, , poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), IL-inorganic nanohybrids, IL-metal organic framework nanohybrids (IL-MOF nanohybrids), ILs/carbon materials and ionic materials. These IL-based nanohybrids exhibit various specific features, including thermal responsive behavior, metal chelating, photothermal conversion and antibacterial capabilities. Taking advantage of these characteristics, IL-based nanohybrids may overcome the shortcomings of conventional medicines/drugs and exhibit promising prospects in biomedicine to facilitate controlled drug release, bactericidal treatment and thermotherapy. The present review presents the state-of-the-art progress made in the studies of IL-based nanohybrids in terms of their classifications, structure characteristics, versatile functionalities and biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. The challenges and future perspectives in the developments and applications of IL-based nanohybrids in biomedicine are discussed.
离子液体（ILs）由不对称的阳离子和阴离子部分组成，被用作绿色溶剂。它们的无毒性质、良好的生物相容性和可调节的结构促进了广泛的生物医学应用。ILs 促进了各种纳米杂化物的生成，这些杂化物相对于其前体具有多种功能和新颖/改善的性质。通常，纳米结构具有较大的比表面积和丰富的官能团，这使得通过物理相互作用或化学键合可以负载和掺入 ILs。根据其主要骨架结构，基于 IL 的纳米杂化物可分为五类，即聚（离子液体）（PILs）、IL-无机纳米杂化物、IL-金属有机骨架纳米杂化物（IL-MOF 纳米杂化物）、IL-碳材料和离子材料。这些基于 IL 的纳米杂化物表现出各种特定的特征，包括热响应行为、金属螯合、光热转换和抗菌能力。利用这些特性，基于 IL 的纳米杂化物可以克服传统药物/药物的缺点，并在生物医学中展现出广阔的前景，以促进药物的控制释放、杀菌治疗和热疗。本综述介绍了基于 IL 的纳米杂化物在分类、结构特征、多功能性以及生物医学和药物应用方面的最新研究进展。讨论了基于 IL 的纳米杂化物在生物医学中的发展和应用所面临的挑战和未来展望。
