Rydzewska Ewelina, Fleming Michael, Mackay Daniel, Young-Southward Genevieve, Blacher Jan, Ross Bolourian Yasamin, Widaman Keith, Cooper Sally-Ann
Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Graduate School of Education, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
Int J Dev Disabil. 2021 Aug 30;69(4):515-523. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2021.1966600. eCollection 2023.
Transition from school to early adulthood incurs many changes and may be associated with deterioration in general health in youth with autism. We aimed to investigate this. The National Longitudinal Transitions Study-2 is a USA nationally representative sample of youth receiving special education services, aged 13-17 at wave 1, followed-up over 10 years in five data collection waves. We conducted random-effects ordered logistic regressions to determine the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals of wave, age, sex, ethnicity/race, additional intellectual disabilities, parental/guardian relationship status, and household income being associated with general health status in youth with autism. Across waves, only between 74.3%-69.6% had excellent/very good health (71.7%-58.8% in those with co-occurring intellectual disabilities), but wave was not associated with health status. Associations were with age OR = 1.18 (1.04, 1.33), co-occurring intellectual disabilities OR = 1.56 (1.00, 2.44), and household income OR = 0.61 (0.40, 0.94) at $30,001-$50,000, OR = 0.44 (0.27, 0.72) at $50,001-$70,000, and OR = 0.34 (0.20, 0.56) at $70,001+. Sex, ethnicity/race, and parental/guardian relationship status were not associated with health status. There was little change in general health status longitudinally across the transitional period, but the proportion with excellent/very good health was low at each wave. Transitional planning should consider co-occurring intellectual disabilities, and the wider socioeconomic context in which children/youth with autism are raised. Lack of other longitudinal studies indicates a need for replication.
从学校过渡到成年早期会带来许多变化，可能与自闭症青少年的总体健康状况恶化有关。我们旨在对此进行调查。全国纵向过渡研究-2是美国一个具有全国代表性的接受特殊教育服务的青少年样本，第一波调查时年龄在13-17岁，在五个数据收集波次中进行了10年的随访。我们进行了随机效应有序逻辑回归，以确定波次、年龄、性别、种族/民族、额外的智力残疾、父母/监护人关系状况以及家庭收入与自闭症青少年总体健康状况相关的优势比（OR）及其95%置信区间。在各个波次中，只有74.3%-69.6%的人健康状况极佳/非常好（同时患有智力残疾的人中有71.7%-58.8%），但波次与健康状况无关。相关因素包括年龄OR = 1.18（1.04，1.33），同时患有智力残疾OR = 1.56（1.00，2.44），家庭收入在30,001-50,000美元时OR = 0.61（0.40，0.94），在50,001-70,000美元时OR = 0.44（0.27，0.72），在70,001美元以上时OR = 0.34（0.20，0.56）。性别、种族/民族以及父母/监护人关系状况与健康状况无关。在过渡期间，总体健康状况纵向变化不大，但各波次中健康状况极佳/非常好的比例都很低。过渡计划应考虑同时存在的智力残疾以及自闭症儿童/青少年成长的更广泛社会经济背景。缺乏其他纵向研究表明需要进行重复研究。
