Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2024 Jul 23;16(15):2383. doi: 10.3390/nu16152383.
Primary liver cancer is globally on the rise, partially due to poor diets and sedentary lifestyles. Shifting to more plant-based diets may lower the risk. We aimed to estimate the effect of replacing total red meat, unprocessed red meat and processed red meat with legumes on primary liver cancer in a free-living population. We analyzed data from 126,744 UK Biobank participants who completed ≥ two 24 h diet recalls. Baseline characteristics were collected from the initial assessment visit. Information on liver cancer diagnoses was collected via external linkage to inpatient hospital episodes or central cancer registries. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the substitution of 15 g/day of legumes with 15 g/day of total red meat, unprocessed red meat or processed red meat on liver cancer risk, using the leave-one-out food substitution model. During a median follow-up time of 11.1 years, 173 participants developed liver cancer. In the fully adjusted models, no association was observed when substituting 15 g/day of legumes with total red meat (HR: 1.02 (95% CI 0.96-1.08)), unprocessed red meat (HR: 1.00 (95% CI 0.94-1.06)) or processed red meat (HR: 1.09 (95% CI 0.99-1.21)). Overall, little evidence of an association between replacing red meat with legumes and liver cancer was observed. Further research in other study populations with longer follow-up time is warranted.
原发性肝癌在全球呈上升趋势，部分原因是不良的饮食和久坐的生活方式。转向更多的植物性饮食可能会降低风险。我们旨在估计在自由生活人群中用豆类替代总红肉、未加工红肉和加工红肉对原发性肝癌的影响。我们分析了 126744 名英国生物银行参与者的数据，这些参与者完成了≥两次 24 小时饮食回忆。基线特征从初始评估访问中收集。通过与住院病人发作或中央癌症登记处的外部联系收集有关肝癌诊断的信息。使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型，使用逐一排除食物替代模型，估计每天用 15 克豆类替代 15 克总红肉、未加工红肉或加工红肉对肝癌风险的影响。在中位随访时间为 11.1 年期间，173 名参与者患上了肝癌。在完全调整的模型中，用总红肉（HR：1.02（95%CI 0.96-1.08））、未加工红肉（HR：1.00（95%CI 0.94-1.06））或加工红肉（HR：1.09（95%CI 0.99-1.21））替代 15 克/天的豆类与肝癌之间没有关联。总体而言，用豆类替代红肉与肝癌之间的关联几乎没有证据。需要在具有更长随访时间的其他研究人群中进行进一步研究。
