Liu Xinhui, Yu Yuanyuan, Hou Lei, Yu Yifan, Wu Yutong, Wu Sijia, He Yina, Ge Yilei, Wei Yun, Luo Qingxin, Qian Fengtong, Feng Yue, Li Hongkai, Xue Fuzhong
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Institute for Medical Dataology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 7;10:1123657. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1123657. eCollection 2023.
The important contribution of dietary triggers to migraine pathogenesis has been recognized. However, the potential causal roles of many dietary habits on the risk of migraine in the whole population are still under debate. The objective of this study was to determine the potential causal association between dietary habits and the risk of migraine (and its subtypes) development, as well as the possible mediator roles of migraine risk factors.
Based on summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and bidirectional MR to investigate the potential causal associations between 83 dietary habits and migraine and its subtypes, and network MR was performed to explore the possible mediator roles of 8 migraine risk factors.
After correcting for multiple testing, we found evidence for associations of genetically predicted coffee, cheese, oily fish, alcohol (red wine), raw vegetables, muesli, and wholemeal/wholegrain bread intake with decreased risk of migraine, those odds ratios ranged from 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63-0.95) for overall cheese intake to 0.61 (95% CI: 0.47-0.80) for drinks usually with meals among current drinkers (yes + it varies vs. no); while white bread, cornflakes/frosties, and poultry intake were positively associated with the risk of migraine. Additionally, genetic liability to white bread, wholemeal/wholegrain bread, muesli, alcohol (red wine), cheese, and oily fish intake were associated with a higher risk of insomnia and (or) major depression disorder (MDD), each of them may act as a mediator in the pathway from several dietary habits to migraine. Finally, we found evidence of a negative association between genetically predicted migraine and drinking types, and positive association between migraine and cups of tea per day.
Our study provides evidence about association between dietary habits and the risk of migraine and demonstrates that some associations are partly mediated through one or both insomnia and MDD. These results provide new insights for further nutritional interventions for migraine prevention.
饮食诱因对偏头痛发病机制的重要作用已得到认可。然而，许多饮食习惯对整个人群偏头痛风险的潜在因果作用仍存在争议。本研究的目的是确定饮食习惯与偏头痛（及其亚型）发生风险之间的潜在因果关联，以及偏头痛风险因素可能的中介作用。
基于大规模全基因组关联研究的汇总统计数据，我们进行了两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）和双向MR，以研究83种饮食习惯与偏头痛及其亚型之间的潜在因果关联，并进行网络MR以探索8种偏头痛风险因素可能的中介作用。
在进行多重检验校正后，我们发现遗传预测的咖啡、奶酪、油性鱼类、酒精（红酒）、生蔬菜、什锦早餐和全麦面包摄入量与偏头痛风险降低之间存在关联，这些比值比范围从总体奶酪摄入量的0.78（95%CI：0.63 - 0.95）到当前饮酒者中通常随餐饮用的饮品的0.61（95%CI：0.47 - 0.80）（是+随情况而异与否）；而白面包、玉米片/脆玉米片和家禽摄入量与偏头痛风险呈正相关。此外，白面包、全麦面包、什锦早餐、酒精（红酒）、奶酪和油性鱼类摄入的遗传易感性与失眠和（或）重度抑郁症（MDD）的较高风险相关，它们中的每一个都可能在从几种饮食习惯到偏头痛的途径中起中介作用。最后，我们发现遗传预测的偏头痛与饮酒类型之间存在负相关，偏头痛与每天喝茶杯数之间存在正相关。
我们的研究提供了饮食习惯与偏头痛风险之间关联的证据，并表明一些关联部分是通过失眠和MDD中的一种或两种介导的。这些结果为进一步预防偏头痛的营养干预提供了新的见解。
