Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Medical Technology Experimental Teaching Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2023 Jun 1;12(6):16. doi: 10.1167/tvst.12.6.16.
To evaluate the impact of full-spectrum light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on albino guinea pigs' retina and investigate the roles of short-wavelength opsin (S-opsin) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD).
Three-week-old albino guinea pigs (n = 30) were distributed into five groups under 12/12 light/dark cycles with indoor natural light (NC; 300-500 lux, n = 6), full-spectrum LEDs (FL; 300 lux, n = 6; 3000 lux, n = 6), and commercial cold-white LEDs (CL; 300 lux, n = 6; 3000 lux, n = 6) and raised for 28 days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy evaluated the morphological changes of retinas. The immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) measured the expression and content of S-opsin and ER stress-related genes and proteins.
We found that albino guinea pigs exposed to FL at either 300 lux or 3000 lux developed less severe retinal morphological damage than animals exposed to the CL light, which emerged as a significant characteristic of LIRD. Meanwhile, the damage on the ventral retina was more serious, mainly due to its ability to absorb the blue light in the LEDs more easily. Compared to the FL-exposed groups, the CL light increased the aggregation of S-opsin and the expression of ER stress-related factors.
Commercial cold-white LEDs can induce ER stress and unfolded protein response in LIRD, and full-spectrum LED attenuates LIRD by regulating ER stress in albino guinea pig retinas in vivo.
Full-spectrum LEDs offer specific eye protection and eye adaptability that can well replace commercial cold-white LEDs in both clinical practice and research. It should be further developed for lighting used in health care facilities.
评估全光谱发光二极管（LED）对白化豚鼠视网膜的影响，并研究短波长视蛋白（S-opsin）和内质网（ER）应激在光诱导的视网膜变性（LIRD）中的作用。
将 3 周龄白化豚鼠（n=30）分为 5 组，在 12/12 光/暗循环下，室内自然光（NC；300-500 lux，n=6）、全光谱 LED（FL；300 lux，n=6；3000 lux，n=6）和商用冷白光 LED（CL；300 lux，n=6；3000 lux，n=6），并饲养 28 天。苏木精和伊红染色和透射电镜观察视网膜形态变化。免疫荧光和实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测 S-opsin 和 ER 应激相关基因和蛋白的表达和含量。
我们发现，暴露于 FL 的白化豚鼠，无论是 300 lux 还是 3000 lux，其视网膜形态损伤均较暴露于 CL 光的豚鼠轻，这是 LIRD 的一个显著特征。同时，腹侧视网膜的损伤更为严重，主要是因为它更容易吸收 LED 中的蓝光。与 FL 暴露组相比，CL 光增加了 S-opsin 的聚集和 ER 应激相关因子的表达。
商用冷白光 LED 可诱导 LIRD 中 ER 应激和未折叠蛋白反应，全光谱 LED 通过调节白化豚鼠视网膜 ER 应激来减轻 LIRD。
邓嘉怡
