Faculty of Medicine, University Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
Hôpital Albert Schweitzer, Lambaréné, Gabon.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jun 2;14:1133935. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133935. eCollection 2023.
Asthma is not well investigated in equatorial Africa and little is known about the disease-associated allergen molecules recognized by IgE from patients in this area. The aim was to study the molecular IgE sensitization profile of asthmatic children and young adults in a semi-rural area (Lambaréné) of an equatorial African country (Gabon), to identify the most important allergen molecules associated with allergic asthma in equatorial Africa.
Fifty-nine asthmatic patients, mainly children and few young adults, were studied by skin prick testing to (Der p), (Der f), cat, dog, cockroach, grass, Alternaria and peanut. Sera were obtained from a subset of 35 patients, 32 with positive and 3 with negative skin reaction to Der p and tested for IgE reactivity to 176 allergen molecules from different allergen sources by ImmunoCAP ISAC microarray technology and to seven recombinant (Blo t) allergens by IgE dot blot assay.
Thirty-three of the 59 patients (56%) were sensitized to Der p and 23 of them (39%) were also sensitized to other allergen sources, whereas 9 patients (15%) were only sensitized to allergen sources other than Der p. IgE serology analyses (n=35) showed high IgE-binding frequencies to the Blo t allergens Blo t 5 (43%), Blo t 21 (43%) and Blo t 2 (40%), whereas the Der p allergens rDer p 2, rDer p 21 and rDer p 5 (34%, 29% and 26%) were less frequently recognized. Only few patients showed IgE reactivity to allergens from other allergen sources, except to allergens containing carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) or to wasp venom allergens (i.e., antigen 5).
Our results thus demonstrate that IgE sensitization to mite allergens is very prevalent in asthmatics in Equatorial Africa with B. tropicalis allergen molecules representing the most important ones associated with allergic asthma.
在赤道非洲，哮喘的研究并不充分，对于该地区患者的 IgE 所识别的疾病相关过敏原分子知之甚少。本研究旨在研究赤道非洲一个半农村地区（加蓬的兰巴雷内）的哮喘儿童和青年的分子 IgE 致敏谱，以确定与赤道非洲过敏性哮喘相关的最重要的过敏原分子。
通过皮肤点刺试验，对 59 例哮喘患者（主要为儿童，少数为青年）进行 （Der p）、 （Der f）、猫、狗、蟑螂、草、交链孢霉和花生的检测。从 35 例患者中获得血清样本，其中 32 例对 Der p 皮肤反应阳性，3 例皮肤反应阴性，并通过 ImmunoCAP ISAC 微阵列技术检测对 176 种来自不同过敏原来源的过敏原分子的 IgE 反应性，并通过 IgE 斑点印迹法检测对 7 种重组 （Blo t）过敏原的 IgE 反应性。
59 例患者中有 33 例（56%）对 Der p 过敏，其中 23 例（39%）对其他过敏原也过敏，而 9 例（15%）仅对 Der p 以外的过敏原过敏。IgE 血清学分析（n=35）显示对 Blo t 过敏原 Blo t 5（43%）、Blo t 21（43%）和 Blo t 2（40%）的 IgE 结合频率较高，而 rDer p 2、rDer p 21 和 rDer p 5（34%、29%和 26%）的结合频率较低。除了含有碳水化合物决定簇（CCD）的过敏原或黄蜂毒液过敏原（即抗原 5）外，很少有患者对其他过敏原的 IgE 反应性。
我们的结果表明，赤道非洲哮喘患者对螨过敏原的 IgE 致敏非常普遍，B. tropicalis 过敏原分子是与过敏性哮喘相关的最重要的过敏原分子。
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