Gul Farrukh, Khan Irfan Ullah, Rutherford Susan, Dai Zhi-Cong, Li Guanlin, Du Dao-Lin
School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jun 8;14:1175097. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1175097. eCollection 2023.
Drought stress can significantly affect plant growth and development. Biochar (BC) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been found to increase plant fertility and development under drought conditions. The single effects of BC and PGPR in different plant species have been widely reported under abiotic stress. However, there have been relatively few studies on the positive role of PGPR, BC, and their combination in barley ( L.). Therefore, the current study investigated the effects of BC from , drought tolerant PGPR (), and the combination of BC + PGPR on the growth, physiology, and biochemical traits of barley plants under drought stress for two weeks. A total of 15 pots were used under five treatments. Each pot of 4 kg soil comprised the control (T0, 90% water), drought stress alone (T1, 30% water), 35 mL PGPR/kg soil (T2, 30% water), 2.5%/kg soil BC (T3, 30% water), and a combination of BC and PGPR (T4, 30% water). Combined PGPR and BC strongly mitigated the negative effects of drought by improving the shoot length (37.03%), fresh biomass (52%), dry biomass (62.5%), and seed germination (40%) compared to the control. The PGPR + BC amendment treatment enhanced physiological traits, such as chlorophyll a (27.9%), chlorophyll b (35.3%), and total chlorophyll (31.1%), compared to the control. Similarly, the synergistic role of PGPR and BC significantly () enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to alleviate the toxicity of ROS. The physicochemical properties (N, K, P, and EL) of the soils were also enhanced by (85%, 33%, 52%, and 58%) respectively, under the BC + PGPR treatment compared to the control and drought stress alone. The findings of this study have suggested that the addition of BC, PGPR, and a combination of both will improve the soil fertility, productivity, and antioxidant defense systems of barley under drought stress. Therefore, BC from the invasive plant and PGPR can be applied to water-deficient areas to improve barley crop production.
干旱胁迫会显著影响植物的生长和发育。已发现生物炭（BC）和促植物生长根际细菌（PGPR）能在干旱条件下提高植物的肥力和促进其生长发育。在非生物胁迫下，BC和PGPR对不同植物物种的单一作用已有广泛报道。然而，关于PGPR、BC及其组合对大麦（L.）的积极作用的研究相对较少。因此，本研究调查了来自耐旱PGPR的BC以及BC + PGPR组合对干旱胁迫两周的大麦植株生长、生理和生化特性的影响。共设置了五种处理，使用了15个花盆。每个花盆装4千克土壤，处理分别为：对照（T0，含水量90%）、单独干旱胁迫（T1，含水量30%）、每千克土壤35毫升PGPR（T2，含水量30%）、每千克土壤2.5% BC（T3，含水量30%）以及BC和PGPR组合（T4，含水量30%）。与对照相比，PGPR和BC组合通过提高茎长（37.03%）、鲜生物量（52%）、干生物量（62.5%）和种子发芽率（40%），有力地减轻了干旱的负面影响。与对照相比，PGPR + BC改良处理提高了生理特性，如叶绿素a（27.9%）、叶绿素b（35.3%）和总叶绿素（31.1%）。同样，PGPR和BC的协同作用显著提高了包括过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）在内的抗氧化酶活性，以减轻活性氧的毒性。与对照和单独干旱胁迫相比，在BC + PGPR处理下，土壤的理化性质（氮、钾、磷和电导率）也分别提高了（85%、33%、52%和58%）。本研究结果表明，添加BC、PGPR及其组合将改善干旱胁迫下大麦的土壤肥力、生产力和抗氧化防御系统。因此，来自入侵植物的BC和PGPR可应用于缺水地区，以提高大麦作物产量。
