Kimbler Kristopher J, Gromer Caleb, Ayala Melissa, Casey Brianna
Psychology Department, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Jun 14;13(6):501. doi: 10.3390/bs13060501.
As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, various preventative behaviors and eventually vaccinations became available to decrease the spread of the virus. The current study examined a variety of variables (i.e., age, COVID-19-related economic hardship, interpersonal concern, personality, fear of COVID-19, normative beliefs, political beliefs, and vaccine hesitancy) to better understand predictors of preventative behaviors and vaccination status at different points throughout the pandemic. Online questionnaires, administered through Qualtrics, were used to collect data using two convenience samples. One was a small sample ( = 44) of non-student participants before the vaccine was readily available. The other sample ( = 274) included college student participants and occurred after the vaccine had been available to all participants. Results suggest that several variables (i.e., fear of COVID-19, normative beliefs, interpersonal concern, and openness) were consistent predictors of public health behaviors at both points in time and across differently aged samples. Other variables (i.e., agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and economic hardship) were less consistent with their relationships with public health behaviors. Implications related to both research and public health are discussed.
随着新冠疫情的发展，各种预防行为以及最终的疫苗接种得以实施，以减少病毒传播。本研究考察了多种变量（即年龄、与新冠疫情相关的经济困难、人际关怀、性格、对新冠疫情的恐惧、规范信念、政治信念以及疫苗犹豫态度），以便更好地理解在疫情期间不同阶段预防行为和疫苗接种状况的预测因素。通过Qualtrics进行在线问卷调查，利用两个便利样本收集数据。一个是在疫苗尚未广泛可得时的非学生参与者小样本（n = 44）。另一个样本（n = 274）包括大学生参与者，且是在疫苗对所有参与者都已可得之后。结果表明，几个变量（即对新冠疫情的恐惧、规范信念、人际关怀以及开放性）在两个时间点以及不同年龄样本中都是公共卫生行为的一致预测因素。其他变量（即宜人性、外向性、尽责性以及经济困难）与其与公共卫生行为的关系则不太一致。讨论了与研究和公共卫生相关的启示。
