Chiloiro Giuditta, Cusumano Davide, Romano Angela, Boldrini Luca, Nicolì Giuseppe, Votta Claudio, Tran Huong Elena, Barbaro Brunella, Carano Davide, Valentini Vincenzo, Gambacorta Maria Antonietta
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Mater Olbia Hospital, Strada Statale Orientale Sarda 125, 07026 Olbia, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jun 7;15(12):3082. doi: 10.3390/cancers15123082.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the delta radiomics approach based on mesorectal radiomic features to develop a model for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) and 2-year disease-free survival (2yDFS) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).
Pre- and post-nCRT MRIs of LARC patients treated at a single institution from May 2008 to November 2016 were retrospectively collected. Radiomic features were extracted from the GTV and mesorectum. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the performance of the features in predicting pCR and 2yDFS.
Out of 203 LARC patients, a total of 565 variables were evaluated. The best performing pCR prediction model was based on two GTV features with an AUC of 0.80 in the training set and 0.69 in the validation set. The best performing 2yDFS prediction model was based on one GTV and two mesorectal features with an AUC of 0.79 in the training set and 0.70 in the validation set.
The results of this study suggest a possible role for delta radiomics based on mesorectal features in the prediction of 2yDFS in patients with LARC.
本研究旨在评估基于直肠系膜影像组学特征的增量影像组学方法，以建立一个模型，用于预测接受新辅助放化疗（nCRT）的局部晚期直肠癌（LARC）患者的病理完全缓解（pCR）和2年无病生存率（2yDFS）。
回顾性收集了2008年5月至2016年11月在单一机构接受治疗的LARC患者的nCRT前后的MRI图像。从大体肿瘤体积（GTV）和直肠系膜中提取影像组学特征。采用Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验和受试者操作特征曲线下面积（AUC）来评估这些特征在预测pCR和2yDFS方面的性能。
在203例LARC患者中，共评估了565个变量。表现最佳的pCR预测模型基于两个GTV特征，训练集的AUC为0.80，验证集的AUC为0.69。表现最佳的2yDFS预测模型基于一个GTV和两个直肠系膜特征，训练集的AUC为0.79，验证集的AUC为0.70。
本研究结果表明，基于直肠系膜特征的增量影像组学在预测LARC患者的2yDFS方面可能具有一定作用。
