Costa Gleyciane Machado da, Costa Sávio Souza, Baraúna Rafael Azevedo, Castilho Bruno Pureza, Pinheiro Izabel Cruz, Silva Artur, Schaan Ana Paula, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos Ândrea, Graças Diego Assis das
Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Guamá Science and Technology Park, Belém 66075-750, Brazil.
Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Genomics and Systems Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2023 May 25;11(6):1389. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11061389.
Mangroves provide a unique ecological environment for complex microbial communities, which play important roles in biogeochemical cycles, such as those for carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen. Microbial diversity analyses of these ecosystems help us understand the changes caused by external influences. Amazonian mangroves occupy an area of 9000 km, corresponding to 70% of the mangroves in Brazil, on which studies of microbial biodiversity are extremely scarce. The present study aimed to determine changes in microbial community structure along the PA-458 highway, which fragmented a mangrove zone. Mangrove samples were collected from three zones, (i) degraded, (ii) in the process of recovery, and (iii) preserved. Total DNA was extracted and submitted for 16S rDNA amplification and sequencing on an MiSeq platform. Subsequently, reads were processed for quality control and biodiversity analyses. The most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes in all three mangrove locations, but in significantly different proportions. We observed a considerable reduction in diversity in the degraded zone. Important genera involved in sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen metabolism were absent or dramatically reduced in this zone. Our results show that human impact in the mangrove areas, caused by the construction of the PA-458 highway, has resulted in a loss of biodiversity.
红树林为复杂的微生物群落提供了独特的生态环境，这些微生物群落在生物地球化学循环（如碳、硫和氮的循环）中发挥着重要作用。对这些生态系统进行微生物多样性分析有助于我们了解外部影响所导致的变化。亚马逊红树林面积达9000平方公里，占巴西红树林面积的70%，但目前关于其微生物多样性的研究极为匮乏。本研究旨在确定沿PA - 458公路（该公路将一片红树林区域分割开来）微生物群落结构的变化。从三个区域采集了红树林样本，（i）退化区域，（ii）恢复过程中的区域，以及（iii）未受影响的区域。提取总DNA，并在MiSeq平台上进行16S rDNA扩增和测序。随后，对测序读数进行质量控制和生物多样性分析。在所有三个红树林区域中，最丰富的门类是变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门，但比例差异显著。我们观察到退化区域的多样性大幅降低。该区域中参与硫、碳和氮代谢的重要属类缺失或显著减少。我们的结果表明，PA - 458公路的建设对红树林区域造成的人为影响导致了生物多样性的丧失。
