Hart Benjamin, Patel Jasmin, De Maayer Pieter, Nweke Ekene Emmanuel, Bizos Damon
Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jun 18;11(6):1611. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11061611.
The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is home to an abundance of diverse microorganisms, and the balance of this microbiome plays a vital role in maintaining a healthy GIT. The obstruction of the flow of bile into the duodenum, resulting in obstructive jaundice (OJ), has a major impact on the health of the affected individual. This study sought to identify changes in the duodenal microbiota in South African patients with OJ compared to those without this disorder. Mucosal biopsies were taken from the duodenum of nineteen jaundiced patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and nineteen control participants (non-jaundiced patients) undergoing gastroscopy. DNA extracted from the samples was subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using the Ion S5 TM sequencing platform. Diversity metrics and statistical correlation analyses with the clinical data were performed to compare duodenal microbial communities in both groups. Differences in the mean distribution of the microbial communities in the jaundiced and non-jaundiced samples were observed; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. Of note, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean distributions of bacteria comparing jaundiced patients with cholangitis to those without ( = 0.0026). On further subset analysis, a significant difference was observed between patients with benign (Cholelithiasis) and malignant disease, namely, head of pancreas (HOP) mass ( = 0.01). Beta diversity analyses further revealed a significant difference between patients with stone and non-stone related disease when factoring in the Campylobacter-Like Organisms (CLO) test status ( = 0.048). This study demonstrated a shift in the microbiota in jaundiced patients, especially considering some underlying conditions of the upper GI tract. Future studies should aim to verify these findings in a larger cohort.
人类胃肠道（GIT）是大量多样微生物的家园，这种微生物群的平衡在维持健康的胃肠道方面起着至关重要的作用。胆汁流入十二指肠受阻，导致梗阻性黄疸（OJ），对受影响个体的健康有重大影响。本研究旨在确定南非OJ患者与无此疾病患者相比十二指肠微生物群的变化。对19名接受内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）的黄疸患者和19名接受胃镜检查的对照参与者（非黄疸患者）的十二指肠进行黏膜活检。使用Ion S5 TM测序平台对从样本中提取的DNA进行16S rRNA扩增子测序。进行多样性指标分析以及与临床数据的统计相关性分析，以比较两组的十二指肠微生物群落。观察到黄疸和非黄疸样本中微生物群落的平均分布存在差异；然而，这种差异未达到统计学显著性。值得注意的是，比较患有胆管炎的黄疸患者与未患胆管炎的黄疸患者，细菌的平均分布存在统计学显著差异（P = 0.0026）。进一步的亚组分析显示，良性（胆石症）和恶性疾病患者之间存在显著差异，即胰腺头部（HOP）肿块（P = 0.01）。在考虑弯曲杆菌样生物体（CLO）检测状态时，β多样性分析进一步揭示了结石相关疾病和非结石相关疾病患者之间的显著差异（P = 0.048）。本研究表明黄疸患者的微生物群发生了变化，尤其是考虑到上消化道的一些潜在疾病。未来的研究应以在更大的队列中验证这些发现为目标。
