Cytotoxic Compounds from (L.) DC Induced Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Four compounds (, , , and ) were first isolated from the genus . nom. conserv., and six known compounds (-, , , and ) were isolated from the of (L.) DC. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data. Herein, compounds - were rhapontigenin, trans-resveratrol, 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,3',5'-trimethoxy-isoflavone, irisflorentin, 6-hydroxybiochannin A, iridin S, pinoresinol, 31-norsysloartanol, isoiridogermanal, and iristectorene B, respectively. All compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative effects against five tumor cell lines (BT549, 4T1, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468). Among them, compound (an iridal-type triterpenoid) showed the highest activity against 4T1 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Further studies displayed that compound inhibited cell metastasis, induced cells cycle arrest in the G1 phase, exhibited significant mitochondrial damage in 4T1 and MDA-MB-468 cells including excess reactive oxygen species, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced 4T1 and MDA-MB-468 cell apoptosis for the first time. In summary, these findings demonstrate that compound exerts promising potential for triple-negative breast cancer treatment and deserves further evaluation.