Pacini Maria Irene, Forzan Mario, Franzo Giovanni, Tucciarone Claudia Maria, Fornai Milena, Bertelloni Fabrizio, Sgorbini Micaela, Cantile Carlo, Mazzei Maurizio
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
Pathogens. 2023 Jun 11;12(6):822. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12060822.
Feline panleukopenia is a highly contagious and often fatal disease in cats. The virus, known as feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), primarily affects kittens and unvaccinated cats. It is transmitted through contact with infected cats or their bodily fluids, as well as contaminated objects and environments. The diagnosis of FPV infection can be confirmed through a combination of clinical signs, blood tests, and fecal testing. Prevention through vaccination is recommended for all cats. This case report describes an outbreak of feline panleukopenia in a group of unvaccinated domestic cats that resulted in acute mortality. The lesions were evaluated using histopathology, and the specific viral strain was characterized using molecular techniques. The clinical course of the outbreak was peracute, with a hemorrhagic pattern and 100% of lethality. The observed clinical-pathological pattern was unusual; nevertheless, molecular studies did not highlight peculiar genomic features of the parvovirus isolate. The outbreak affected 3 out of 12 cats in a very short time. However, the prompt application of biosecurity measures and vaccination resulted in an effective interruption of virus spread. In conclusion, we could assume that the virus found the ideal conditions to infect and replicate at high titers, resulting in a particularly aggressive outbreak.
猫泛白细胞减少症是猫的一种高度传染性且通常致命的疾病。该病毒称为猫泛白细胞减少症病毒（FPV），主要影响小猫和未接种疫苗的猫。它通过与受感染的猫或其体液以及受污染的物体和环境接触传播。FPV感染的诊断可通过临床症状、血液检测和粪便检测相结合来确认。建议所有猫通过接种疫苗进行预防。本病例报告描述了一组未接种疫苗的家猫中爆发的猫泛白细胞减少症，导致急性死亡。使用组织病理学评估病变，并使用分子技术对特定病毒株进行特征分析。此次疫情的临床过程为超急性，呈出血性模式，致死率达100%。观察到的临床病理模式不寻常；然而，分子研究并未突出细小病毒分离株的特殊基因组特征。在很短的时间内，12只猫中有3只受到疫情影响。然而，迅速采取生物安全措施和接种疫苗有效地阻断了病毒传播。总之，我们可以认为该病毒找到了理想条件，能够高滴度感染和复制，从而导致了一次特别严重的疫情爆发。
