Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 17;15(12):2781. doi: 10.3390/nu15122781.
Animal-sourced foods (ASFs) have a high nutritional value, which makes them important elements of young people's diets. Several environmental factors might affect the dietary habits of children and adolescents, and their identification seems to be a principal reason to maintain their healthy eating practice. Thus, we aimed to investigate selected environmental factors (a place of residence, net income, mother's education level, number of siblings, and mother's BMI), which may be linked to the consumption frequency of ASFs among school-aged children. In total, 892 mothers of primary school children aged 7-14 years from central Poland took part in the anonymous and voluntary survey. The frequency of meat and meat product consumption was affected by the mother's education level, place of residence, and net income. Generally, meat was eaten more often by the city children (G = 0.178, < 0.01) of better-educated mothers (G = 0.268, < 0.001) and higher-income families (G = 0.209, < 0.001). A higher level of education was linked to more frequent fish consumption but only in the younger group (G = 0.130, < 0.05). The frequency of egg intake was positively associated with the maternal level of education (G = 0.185, < 0.001), children's gender (girls > boys, G = 0.123, < 0.05), and place of residence (city > village, G = 0.214, < 0.001). In turn, the frequency of milk and dairy intake was related only to the place of residence (village > city, G = 0.97, <0.05). It can be concluded that the mother's level of education is a key factor linked to the selected children's dietary habits. Thus, we believe that successful health education programs designed for young people should include the maternal capacity to interpret and adapt information into daily practice.
动物源食品（ASF）具有很高的营养价值，因此是年轻人饮食的重要组成部分。一些环境因素可能会影响儿童和青少年的饮食习惯，识别这些因素似乎是维持他们健康饮食习惯的主要原因。因此，我们旨在调查一些环境因素（居住地、净收入、母亲的教育水平、兄弟姐妹数量和母亲的 BMI），这些因素可能与学龄儿童 ASF 的消费频率有关。共有来自波兰中部的 892 名小学儿童的母亲参与了这项匿名和自愿调查。肉类和肉类产品的消费频率受到母亲的教育水平、居住地和净收入的影响。一般来说，城市儿童（G = 0.178，<0.01）、母亲受教育程度较高（G = 0.268，<0.001）和收入较高的家庭（G = 0.209，<0.001）的肉类消费频率更高。较高的教育水平与更频繁地食用鱼类有关，但仅在年龄较小的组中（G = 0.130，<0.05）。鸡蛋摄入量与母亲的教育水平呈正相关（G = 0.185，<0.001），与儿童的性别（女孩>男孩，G = 0.123，<0.05）和居住地（城市>村庄，G = 0.214，<0.001）有关。相反，牛奶和乳制品的摄入频率仅与居住地有关（村庄>城市，G = 0.97，<0.05）。可以得出结论，母亲的教育水平是与儿童饮食习惯相关的关键因素。因此，我们认为，针对年轻人设计的成功健康教育计划应包括母亲解读和将信息应用于日常实践的能力。
