Sánchez-Hernández Eva, Teixeira Ana, Pereira Catarina, Cruz Adriana, Martín-Gil Jesús, Oliveira Rui, Martín-Ramos Pablo
Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, University of Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain.
Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jun 11;12(12):2271. doi: 10.3390/plants12122271.
Mushroom extracts have shown potential as a source of new antimicrobial agents. This study investigates the chemical profile of an aqueous ammonia extract obtained from the carpophores of , which grows on trees, and explores its valorization as a biorational. The major chemical constituents of the extract, identified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, include acetamide, oleic acid, 1,2,3,4-butanetetrol, monomethyl azelate, undecane, and palmitic acid. The anti-oomycete and antifungal activity of extract was evaluated against , the primary threat to spp. in the biome, as well as three Botryosphaeriaceae fungi. In vitro tests revealed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 187.5 μg·mL against and 187.5-1000 μg·mL against the fungi. Furthermore, conjugation of the extract with chitosan oligomers (COS) synergistically enhanced its antimicrobial activity, resulting in MIC values of 78.12 and 375-500 μg·mL against and the fungi, respectively. These MIC values are among the highest reported to date for natural products against these phytopathogens. Subsequent ex situ testing of the COS- conjugate complex on artificially inoculated excised stems resulted in high protection against at a dose of 782 µg·mL. These findings support the potential utilization of this resource from the ecosystem to protect the holm oak, aligning with sustainable and circular economy approaches.
蘑菇提取物已显示出作为新型抗菌剂来源的潜力。本研究调查了从生长在[具体树木名称]树上的[蘑菇名称]子实体中获得的氨水提取物的化学特征，并探索了其作为生物理性产品的价值。通过气相色谱 - 质谱法鉴定出的提取物主要化学成分包括乙酰胺、油酸、1,2,3,4 - 丁四醇、壬二酸单甲酯、十一烷和棕榈酸。评估了该提取物对[具体疫霉菌名称]（在[具体生物群落名称]生物群落中对[具体植物名称] spp. 的主要威胁）以及三种葡萄座腔菌科真菌的抗卵菌和抗真菌活性。体外试验显示，对[具体疫霉菌名称]的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值为187.5 μg·mL，对真菌的MIC值为187.5 - 1000 μg·mL。此外，该提取物与壳寡糖（COS）共轭可协同增强其抗菌活性，对[具体疫霉菌名称]和真菌的MIC值分别为78.12和375 - 500 μg·mL。这些MIC值是迄今为止报道的天然产物对这些植物病原体的最高值之一。随后在人工接种的[具体植物名称]离体茎上对COS - 共轭复合物进行的异位测试表明，在剂量为782 µg·mL时对[具体疫霉菌名称]具有高度保护作用。这些发现支持了利用来自[具体生态系统名称]生态系统的这种资源来保护圣栎，这与可持续和循环经济方法相一致。
