Aguinaga-Ontoso Ines, Guillen-Aguinaga Sara, Guillen-Aguinaga Laura, Alas-Brun Rosa, Onambele Luc, Aguinaga-Ontoso Enrique, Guillen-Grima Francisco
Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Healthcare Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jun 15;11(6):1103. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11061103.
Deaths due to vaccine-preventable diseases are one of the leading causes of death among African children. Vaccine coverage is an essential measure to decrease infant mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the healthcare system and may have disrupted vaccine coverage.
DTP third doses (DTP3) Vaccine Coverage was extracted from UNICEF databases from 2012 to 2021 (the last available date). Joinpoint regression was performed to detect the point where the trend changed. The annual percentage change (APC) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was calculated for Africa and the regions. We compared DTP3 vaccination coverage in 2019-2021 in each country using the Chi-square test.
During the whole period, the vaccine coverage in Africa increased with an Annual Percent change of 1.2% (IC 95% 0.9-1.5): We detected one joinpoint in 2019. In 2019-2021, there was a decrease in DTP3 coverage with an APC of -3.5 (95% -6.0; -0,9). ( < 0.001). Vaccination rates decreased in many regions of Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Eastern and Southern Africa. There were 26 countries (Angola, Cabo Verde, Comoros, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eswatini, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) where the vaccine coverage during the two years decreased. There were 10 countries (Angola, Cabo Verde, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, The Gambia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, and Sudan) where the joinpoint regression detected a change in the trend.
COVID-19 has disrupted vaccine coverage, decreasing it all over Africa.
疫苗可预防疾病导致的死亡是非洲儿童主要死因之一。疫苗接种覆盖率是降低婴儿死亡率的一项重要指标。新冠疫情已对医疗系统产生影响，可能扰乱了疫苗接种覆盖率。
从联合国儿童基金会数据库中提取2012年至2021年（可获取的最新日期）的百白破第三剂（DTP3）疫苗接种覆盖率。进行连接点回归以检测趋势发生变化的点。计算非洲及各区域的年度百分比变化（APC）及其95%置信区间（95%CI）。我们使用卡方检验比较了2019 - 2021年每个国家的DTP3疫苗接种覆盖率。
在整个期间，非洲的疫苗接种覆盖率以1.2%（IC 95% 0.9 - 1.5）的年度百分比变化上升：我们在2019年检测到一个连接点。在2019 - 2021年期间，DTP3覆盖率下降，APC为 - 3.5（95% - 6.0； - 0.9）（<0.001）。撒哈拉以南非洲的许多地区疫苗接种率下降，尤其是在东部和南部非洲。有26个国家（安哥拉、佛得角、科摩罗、刚果、科特迪瓦、刚果民主共和国、吉布提、埃塞俄比亚、斯威士兰、冈比亚、几内亚比绍、利比里亚、马达加斯加、马拉维、毛里塔尼亚、毛里求斯、莫桑比克、卢旺达、塞内加尔、塞舌尔、塞拉利昂、苏丹、坦桑尼亚、多哥、突尼斯、乌干达和津巴布韦）在这两年间疫苗接种覆盖率下降。有10个国家（安哥拉、佛得角、科摩罗、刚果民主共和国、斯威士兰、冈比亚、莫桑比克、卢旺达、塞内加尔和苏丹）连接点回归检测到趋势变化。
新冠疫情扰乱了疫苗接种覆盖率，导致整个非洲的覆盖率下降。
