Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Biomed Res Int. 2023 Jun 19;2023:6399699. doi: 10.1155/2023/6399699. eCollection 2023.
Human life quality and expectancy have increased dramatically over the past 5 decades because of improvements in nutrition and antibiotic's usage fighting against infectious diseases. Yet, it was soon revealed that the microbes adapted to develop resistance to any of the drugs that were used. Recently, there is great concern that commensal bacteria from food and the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals could act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. . This study was intended for evaluating the phenotypic antibiotic resistance/sensitivity profiles of probiotic bacteria from human breast milk and evaluating the inhibitory effect of the probiotic bacteria against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
The results point out that some of the isolated bacteria were resistant to diverse antibiotics including gentamycin, imipenem, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, and nalidixic acid. Susceptibility profile to certain antibiotics like vancomycin, tetracycline, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, rifampicin, and bacitracin was also observed. The antimicrobial qualities of cell-free supernatants of some probiotic bacteria inhibited the growth of indicator bacteria. Also, antimicrobial properties of the probiotic bacteria from the present study attributed to the production of organic acid, bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH), salt aggregation, coaggregation with pathogens, and bacteriocin production. Some isolated bacteria from human milk displayed higher hydrophobicity in addition to intrinsic probiotic properties like Gram-positive classification, catalase-negative activity, resistance to gastric juice (pH 2), and bile salt (0.3%) concentration.
This study has added to the data of the antibiotic and antimicrobial activity of some probiotic bacteria from some samples of Pakistani women breast milk. Probiotic bacteria are usually considered to decrease gastrointestinal tract diseases by adhering to the gut epithelial and reducing population of pathogens and in the case of MB622 and MB620 in terms of hydrophobicity and exclusion of indicator pathogenic strains.
由于营养改善和抗生素的使用对抗传染病，过去 50 年来，人类的生活质量和预期寿命有了显著提高。然而，很快发现微生物适应了发展对任何使用的药物的耐药性。最近，人们非常担心来自人类和动物的食物和胃肠道的共生细菌可能成为抗生素耐药基因的储存库。本研究旨在评估人乳中益生菌的表型抗生素耐药/敏感性谱，并评估益生菌对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌的抑制作用。
结果表明，一些分离出的细菌对包括庆大霉素、亚胺培南、甲氧苄啶磺胺甲恶唑和萘啶酸在内的多种抗生素具有耐药性。还观察到对某些抗生素如万古霉素、四环素、氧氟沙星、氯霉素、链霉素、利福平、杆菌肽的敏感性。一些益生菌的细胞外上清液具有抑制指示菌生长的抗菌特性。此外，本研究中益生菌的抗菌特性归因于有机酸的产生、细菌对烃类的粘附（BATH）、盐聚集、与病原体的共聚集和细菌素的产生。与内在益生菌特性（如革兰氏阳性分类、过氧化氢酶阴性活性、耐胃酸（pH 2）和胆汁盐（0.3%）浓度）一起，人乳中分离出的一些细菌显示出更高的疏水性。
本研究增加了一些来自巴基斯坦妇女母乳样本中益生菌的抗生素和抗菌活性的数据。益生菌通常被认为通过粘附在肠道上皮并减少病原体的数量来减少胃肠道疾病，在 MB622 和 MB620 的情况下，还具有疏水性和排除指示性病原菌株的特性。
