Jiang Qing-Lian, Wang Feng-Yan, Zheng Kai-Jun
Department of General Pediatrics, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2023 Jun 15;25(6):600-605. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2302014.
To study the differences in the clinical features of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in different age groups during the epidemic of Omicron variant.
A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 211 children with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Department of General Pediatrics, Zhongshan People's Hospital, from December 9, 2022 to January 8, 2023. According to their age, they were divided into 4 groups: 1 month-<1 year (=84), 1-<3 years group (=64), 3-<5 years (=29), and ≥5 years (=34). The above groups were compared in terms of general status, clinical features, ancillary examination results, treatment, and outcome.
The children aged <3 years accounted for 70.1% (148/211) of all hospitalized children with COVID-19, and the 3-<5 years group and the ≥5 years group had a significantly higher proportion of children with underlying diseases than the 1 month-<1 year group and the 1-<3 years group (<0.05). Compared with the other three groups, the 1 month-<1 year group had significantly higher incidence rates of dyspnea, nasal congestion/nasal discharge, diarrhea and significantly lower incidence rates of convulsion and nervous system involvement (<0.05). Moreover, compared with the other three groups, the 1 month-<1 year group had significantly higher incidence rates of increases in bile acid and creatine kinase isoenzyme and significantly lower incidence rates of decreased platelet count, increased neutrophil percentage, and decreased lymphocyte percentage (<0.05). The 1 month-<1 year group had a significantly higher incidence rate of mild COVID-19 than the 1-<3 years group and a significantly lower incidence rate of severe/critical COVID-19 than the other three groups (<0.05). Compared with the other three groups, the 1 month-<1 year group had a significantly higher proportion of children receiving oxygen inhalation therapy (<0.05).
Children with COVID-19 in different age groups have different clinical features during the epidemic of Omicron variant, especially between the children aged 1 month to <1 year and those aged ≥1 year.
研究奥密克戎变异株流行期间不同年龄组2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患儿的临床特征差异。
对2022年12月9日至2023年1月8日在中山市人民医院普通儿科住院的211例COVID-19患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据年龄将其分为4组：1月龄至<1岁组（=84例）、1至<3岁组（=64例）、3至<5岁组（=29例）和≥5岁组（=34例）。对上述各组在一般状况、临床特征、辅助检查结果、治疗及转归方面进行比较。
<3岁的患儿占所有住院COVID-19患儿的70.1%（148/211），3至<5岁组和≥5岁组患有基础疾病的患儿比例显著高于1月龄至<1岁组和1至<3岁组（<0.05）。与其他三组相比，1月龄至<1岁组的呼吸困难、鼻塞/流涕、腹泻发生率显著更高，惊厥和神经系统受累发生率显著更低（<0.05）。此外，与其他三组相比，1月龄至<1岁组的胆汁酸和肌酸激酶同工酶升高发生率显著更高，血小板计数降低、中性粒细胞百分比升高和淋巴细胞百分比降低发生率显著更低（<0.05）。1月龄至<1岁组的轻症COVID-19发生率显著高于1至<3岁组，重症/危重症COVID-19发生率显著低于其他三组（<0.05）。与其他三组相比，1月龄至<1岁组接受吸氧治疗的患儿比例显著更高（<0.05）。
奥密克戎变异株流行期间，不同年龄组的COVID-19患儿具有不同的临床特征，尤其是1月龄至<1岁的患儿与≥1岁的患儿之间。
