Camilleri Louis John, Maras Katie, Brosnan Mark
Centre for Applied Autism Research (CAAR), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Department for Inclusion & Access to Learning, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jun 14;14:1085355. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1085355. eCollection 2023.
Social Stories™ (SS) is one of the most popular and researched interventions for autistic children. To date, research that focuses on outcomes has been prioritized over the investigation of the psychological mechanisms that inform the intervention. In this article we consider theoretical accounts proposed thus far which could underpin SS. We argue that mechanisms that are based on social deficit theories lack validity, and propose a rule-based theoretical account to inform a strengths-based approach toward conceptualizing the mechanisms that underpin SS. We apply this account to the 'double-empathy problem' to propose that SS can be adapted to involve all parties in the development and delivery of SS support by adopting a rule-based perspective. We use the example of systemizing (the drive to analyze and explore systems in terms of 'if-and-then' rules), which is proposed to be a relative autistic strength, as a form of rule-based thinking that can provide a theoretical account of SS and a framework to address the double-empathy problem.
社会故事™（SS）是针对自闭症儿童最受欢迎且研究最多的干预措施之一。迄今为止，关注结果的研究比探究干预背后心理机制的研究更受重视。在本文中，我们考量了目前已提出的可能支撑社会故事™的理论解释。我们认为基于社会缺陷理论的机制缺乏有效性，并提出一种基于规则的理论解释，以为一种基于优势的方法提供依据，从而对支撑社会故事™的机制进行概念化。我们将这一解释应用于“双重共情问题”，提出通过采用基于规则的视角，社会故事™可以进行调整，让所有各方都参与到社会故事™支持的开发和提供过程中。我们以系统化（即根据“如果……那么……”规则来分析和探索系统的内驱力）为例，系统化被认为是自闭症患者相对的优势，它作为一种基于规则的思维形式，可以为社会故事™提供理论解释，并为解决双重共情问题提供一个框架。
